There are a finite supply of resources on planet earth. It has nothing to do with how much oil is in the ground, nor how much coal is available. As the easily available resources are used up, the cost and difficulty of retrieving more raw materials increases rapidly.
As the "cheap" supply of raw materials are used up, if, at the same time, you have an increase in demand for even more raw materials, the cost (price) increases even faster. The result is that all prices geared to oil as a primary source of energy will increase. Throw in an absurd use of a food crop to increase oil profits (ethanol) and a large number of people are going to be "priced out of the market".
We are already witnessing huge numbers of people starving because they can no longer afford a simple bowl of rice. This state of affairs has nothing to do with "peak oil", or "energy security" (more capitalist distraction). It has everything to do with a capitalist-corporate economic system whose greed and scientific ignorance know no bounds, coupled with a corrupt political system based on hoodwinking and scamming a public whose ignorance and gullibility reach levels of absurdity.
Demand for energy is fueled by an institutionalized system of waste that we call capitalism. The technology has existed for decades to decrease the demand for oil by increasing the fuel efficiency of vehicles. It has not been implemented because it would reduce oil company profits and power.
The Toyota Prius is a car that can get forty to fifty miles per gallon of gas. General Motors comes out with a hybrid SUV that gets two to three MPG more than its gas-guzzling counterpart. It is an overweight, over-engineered, over-priced waste of engineering talent, and GM complains that they can't "compete" with Japanese auto companies. What a crock.
Back in the 1990's, GM developed the EV1 and EV2 electric cars. They were leased in California to meet a mandate for low pollution vehicle development. They were so well-liked by the drivers that most of them wanted to buy them. GM got so scared by this popularity, that they recalled all of the vehicles and destroyed them. This is documented in the movie "Who Killed the Electric Car?".
The wikipedia website,
http://www.Wikipedia.com has an entry on the EV1:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_EV1An interesting paragraph highlights the point that I am making here.
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It has recently been theorized by the documentary Who Killed the Electric Car? that the EV1 program was eliminated because it threatened the oil industry and because it required virtually no maintenance and therefore threatened GM's profitability by undermining the replacement parts aftermarket as well as the company's strategy of planned obsolescence. GM responded to the film's claims, before actually having seen the movie, laying out several reasons why the EV1 was not commercially viable at the time.<28>
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In other words, the technology was sound, the marketability was there, but the profit motive was paramount in GM's decicion to kill the project. The lesson is obvious: The public cannot depend on the "profit motive" to develop and implement the technology to reduce energy costs. Only government regulation will force the corporations to loosen the stranglehold they have over the economy and the planet.
Development of efficient mass transit, such as light rail, has been stymied, not by technical problems or high cost, but by political machinations and corruption. "Billions for more roads to nowhere, not one dime for mass transit."
The ONLY intelligent and practical way to reduce the cost of energy, reduce pollution, and make life sustainable on this planet is to REDUCE DEMAND for energy. It is doable since the high demand for energy is artificially maintained by the corporations for more profit.
Oil is used to make just about everything made of plastic, and most plastic is used to make goods designed to be used once and thrown away. The big hooplah made about recycling is a farce. Most of the items made of plastic should never be manufactured in the first place. Even goods that are theoretically supposed to be reused, are so poorly made that they are designed not to last.
Many electronics gadgets made in Asian sweatshops are designed to be unrepairable, and the quality is abysmally low. This does not mean that it is low priced. Every Sunday, there are ads in the paper for Hi-Fi stereo systems costing hundreds of dollars. I have seen the stuff and "high fidelity" it ain't. Also, having worked in electronics, the systems I see couldn't have cost more than fifty to seventy five dollars to manufacture, if that much. Yet, these sytems cost three to four hundred dollars or more. Modern marketing can sell packaged manure for profit.
The bottom line to this post is that there is NO economic solution to our problems. The "invisble hand" of Adam Smith cannot work where there is no real economic competition. NAFTA, OPEC, WTO, IMF, World Bank, the Federal Reserve and a whole host of corporate cartel agreements are designed to stifle competition. The only solution is political. The governments of the world have to rein in corporate greed and power.
That will only happen when we get a government that is not overwhelmingly corrupt or intimidated by the wealthy ... On second thought, we are so screwed.