'We Had to Destroy the Village to Save It'Dusting Off the Phrases of War
by Douglas Herman
Due to the increasing comparison of the Iraq war to Vietnam , the time has come to brush off the old Orwellian phrases and see how they fit the war in Iraq . Quagmire, “a soft, wet area of low lying land that sinks underfoot,” was an apropos metaphor for our catastrophic involvement in the river deltas and rain forests of Vietnam . Perhaps our American pundits and wordsmiths--William Safire perhaps--will devise a better phrase for the “long hard slog” in the deserts of Iraq . Many timeless quotes of the Vietnam era weren’t invented by linguists or literary giants but were uttered instead simply by people under duress, doing the bidding of idiots and sadomasochists. The brief catalogue of quotes below--however incomplete--may offer younger readers additional puzzling questions. What were Tet, My Lai , and Operation Phoenix? These were pages from our imperial history, notable for cruelty, folly and unbelievable heartbreak, ill suited for brevity and better researched as lessons unlearned while we increase our bootprint on the world.
“We had to destroy the village to save it”
Attributed to many different people, including war correspondent Peter Arnett who supposedly attributed the quote to an unidentified Army officer. Used circa 1968, perhaps during the bloody Tet offensive. Some people believe the phrase applies to the massacre at My Lai , where approximately 500 unarmed villagers were murdered by rampaging US troops. Army Lt. William Calley was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment but served only three years before being pardoned by President Richard Nixon. Tim Larimer of Time magazine returned to My Lai 30 years later and said, “ My Lai ’s place in American history is firmly entrenched, as a disturbing wake-up call that the US military could be as guilty of inhumane acts as any army.” A Vietnamese war veteran who returned to the village to find his entire family murdered and then hastily buried, remarked, “There were many My Lais.” Recently the Toledo Blade corroborated his remark, uncovering other atrocities and war crimes in Vietnam . Lately the Israelis seem to have adopted the “We had to destroy the village to save it” policy in Palestinian territory, and the likelihood is we will in Iraq , since we’ve asked the Israelis for advice.
“Hearts and Minds”
Apologists for the Vietnam War tried hard to put a positive spin on our objectives there, just as the architects of the Iraq invasion have done. “Winning the hearts and minds” of the Vietnamese people became an oft-repeated phrase. Everyone said it; no one knew exactly how to do it. Just like in Iraq . After the relocation of thousands of South Vietnamese to “strategic hamlets,” however, the effort to win hearts and minds collapsed, especially when many Vietnamese villages became “free-fire zones,” which meant that anything, or everything, that moved there—human or animal--could be fired upon. Just like in Iraq .
“Body Count”
The Pentagon announced early in the Iraq war that “We don’t do body counts.” Body counts in Vietnam , in a war without any real objective--according to General Westmoreland, who more than any man seemed to grasp at body counts as a sign of success--opened the door to the killing of civilians and the mutilation of their bodies. The dead were stacked like cordwood. Marine Lt. Philip Caputo, author of A Rumor of War, summarized that prevailing mindset succinctly: “If it’s dead and it’s Vietnamese, it’s VC.” The American media—“media whores” according to Sherman Skolnick—embraced Vietnamese body counts, but the trumpeting of death, especially on television accompanied by graphic footage, proved to be counterproductive to the war aims of administration hawks. Thus today in Iraq , body counts are out, but the count of bodies, both Iraqi and American, continues to rise
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