U.S. academic has written a paper suggesting that "systematic fraud" or "mistabulation" of votes could have occurred in the most recent U.S. presidential election. Steven F. Freeman, a professor of organizational dynamics at the University of Pennsylvania, wrote that this was a "premature conclusion" but an "unavoidable hypothesis", based on his comparison of exit polls with the final results in 11 key battleground states.
Freeman released his 11-page paper, called "The Unexplained Exit Poll Discrepancy", on November 10; it has not been published in a peer-reviewed academic journal. He wrote that in 10 of the 11 battleground states, President George Bush's final-tally percentages were significantly higher than the predicted margin in the voting-day exit polls.
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