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If you want to smash racism, sexism, classism, ageism, and the majority of the evils in the world, you have to destabilize patriarchy.
Patiarchy is taken for granted as the only way to organize society, as it's the status quo. Among other things, it's a hierarchal system where you are allowed to dominate and control whoever or whatever's below you in the hierarchy -- which is basically this:
God Men Women Children Animals Earth
People also strive to be more like those above them on the hierarchy to gain more power. Black and white/dichotomous thinking is the norm. And competition is a constant, especially between men, which is why it is dangerous and unhealthy for them in so many ways. A pecking order is always trying to be established, and overturned. A lot could be added to this definition, but I'll leave it there and post a passage from one of my favorite books on the subject.
From The Gender Knot: Unraveling our Patriarchal Legacy by Allan G. Johnson:
If feminism is invisible, patriarchy is invisible. And if feminism is distorted and discredited, patriarchy is safe from scrutiny, for feminism is the only critical perspective on patriarchy that we've got. Without feminism we're left to understand gender oppression in patriarchal terms that invariably ignore it or justify it by turning reality upside down and calling it something else. Without feminism, it's easy not to see male dominance at all, or if we do, to explain it away as human nature of "what every woman wants deep down." Without feminism, it's easy to see feminists who call men's violence against women as just troublemakers with private axes to grind; and it's easy to hop on the bandwagon in the mythical "postfeminist" Oz in which inequality is no longer a problem for *real* women. But once we accept the reailty that patriarchy exists, we open a door that swings just one way; and once we pass through it to the other side, feminism is our best hope for figuring out where we are and what to do next.
Since anyone can walk through the door of feminist awareness, feminism needn't be for women only. As members of the dominant group, men are limited in how deeply they can understand and engage with feminism, and there is always a danger that men will try to coopt feminism for their own purposes. If we think of feminism as a way for women to understand their own experience, then there is little that men can bring to it, and would be presumptuous for any man, including me, to try to explain what it's about. But a large chunk of feminism is about patriarchy as a system and how it works and shapes social life. This involves men just as deeply as it involves women, although in dramatically different ways. While women are in the best position to speak about their own experience of oppression, men have a lot to contribute ot understanding patriarchy as a whole, and particularly men's role in it.
Any full understanding of patriarchy must begin with women's experience, but this isn't enough, unless we believe that women's experience encompasses the entire reality of patriarchy. To the extent that feminism is about patriarchy as a whole and how we all participate in it, then change requires that both men and women understand it, since each brings distinct points of view to the work. Undoubtedly, feminism speaks to women in unique and powerful ways that men can understand only indirectly, but we can all use feminism to understand what patriarchy is about.
The word "feminism" is an umbrella that covers many approaches to gender and patriarchy. In the most general sense, feminism is a way of thinking critically about gender and its place in social life, but from here it ranges in many directions. All forms of feminism take gender to be problematic in some way, but just what this means -- how prominent the concept of patriarchy is, for example -- varies from one branch of feminism to another. As such, feminism lends itself to many different purposes. We can use it as an intellectual framework for analyzing how social life works, from love and sex to family violence to work to the meaning of art, literature, and spirituality to the conduct of science to the dynamics of ecology and global capitalism. Feminism also provides an ideological basis for change on every level of human existence, from how we behave to transforming patriarchy and its core values of dominance and control. By focusing on how we participate in the gender order, feminism challenges us to live in new ways, to question assumptions about gender and human nature, and to confront the everyday realities of women's oppression and the price men pay in return for gender privilege.
******* The book ends with a chapter on ways to challenge patriarchy, too long to post here, but educating oneself on how it works is the biggest step.
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