First off, it can be run in almost any diesel engine. The only modification that would need to be made is if your engine has neopryne or other such like synthetic fuel lines. If so, then simply install metal fuel lines. Other than that, gas up and go.
Biodiesel is cheaper to make than regular diesel, aprox seventy cents to a dollar per gallon, and that is if you are mixing it yourself. A biodiesel refinery, due to their bulk purchasing power, can make biodiesel for as little as forty cents a gallon.
Biodiesel is ninety percent less polluting than dino-diesel. The major thing for some people is that if you make your biodiesel from waste veggy oil, the exhaust tends to smell like french fries. This can be eliminated if you run your biodiesel through activated charcoal before the final wash and filtering. In addition, the process of making biodiesel leaves no toxic waste, unlike dino-diesel. The only real waste product is glycerin, which is biodegradable, and better you, you can sell your left over glycerin to soap makers.
Biodiesel is much better for your engine. Due to the greater viscosity and less chemical additives, using biodiesel will prolong your engine life significantly. In fact, the original diesel engines were built to run on biodiesel, specifically made out of hempseed oil.
Due to the huge amount of fuel this country burns, we probably can't grow enough crops in order to fulfill all of our fuel needs. However we can significantly reduce our dependency on petroleum through the use of biodiesel, especially if is paired up with a diesel hybrid engine.
Biodiesel would be a boon for our cash strapped family farmers. It would provide another profitable crop to put into rotation. The best sources for vegatable oil, in order, are black oil sunflower seeds, soybeans, and hemp, though you can extract usable oil from virtually any crop
You can run straight biodiesel in your engine with no problems, and cold weather effects it just about the same as cold effects dino diesel. You would have to use an engine block warmer in cold weather. If you are going to store biodiesel, or are only running your diesel engine once every three months or so, it would probably be a good idea to cut it with ten-twenty percent dino-diesel in order that the biodiesel doesn't go bad. I imagine that if biodiesel ever goes big time, chemists will come up with fuel stabilizers that would forego the need for dino-diesel.
This is an excellent book to get you started on making your own biodiesel<
http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0970722702/701-8739658-2745164>
This is an excellent site in the real world use of biodiesel and other alternative fuels<
http://www.dancingrabbit.org/energy/biodiesel.php>
If you don't want to go through the hassle of finding your own equipment and scrounging for the appropriate containers, you can find a fair number of people like this who are selling complete biodiesel producton kits<
http://www.biodieselsolutions.com/home/home.asp>
Biodiesel is not the magic bullet solution to solving our fuel crisis, but combine is with other emerging technologies like hybrids, ethanol, etc, and this country can come up with a comprehensive plan that will kick the US's oil addiction for good.
By the by, if the idea of making your own biodiesel doesn't appeal to you, look around your state and city. More and more companies are offering the biodiesel alternative. Next year a new biodiesel refinery is going to be opening up fifteen miles away from me, and more are opening around the country as time goes on.