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WASHINGTON - Autumn temperatures in the Arctic are at record levels, the Arctic Ocean is getting warmer and less salty as sea ice melts, and reindeer herds appear to be declining, researchers reported yesterday.
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For example, autumn air temperatures in the Arctic are at a record 9 degrees Fahrenheit above normal.
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Rising temperatures help melt the ice, which in turn allows more solar heating of the ocean. That warming of the air and ocean affects land and marine life, and reduces the amount of winter sea ice that lasts into the following summer.
The study also noted a warming trend on Arctic land and increase in greenness as shrubs move north into areas that were formerly permafrost.
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Asked if an increase in radiation from the sun was having an effect on the Earth's climate, Jason Box of the Byrd Polar Research Center in Columbus, Ohio, said while it's important, increased solar output accounts for about 10 percent of global warming.
"You can't use solar to say that greenhouse gases are not a major factor," Overland added.
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http://www.boston.com/news/nation/washington/articles/2008/10/17/report_says_arctics_warmth_at_record_high/