Some thought questions--
1. The most common "disaster" is a fire - or explosion - or flood - in multi-family housing, requiring temporary housing, replacement food, and replacement clothing for victims. Typically Section VIII housing, typically rented, typically no tenants' insurance.Until Katrina this was 100% of my "Disaster calls." Last night I responded to such a call, and the family were Katrina survivors.
The Salvation Army, St Vincent de Paul, the Volunteer Fire Department Auxiliary could all handle this kind of emergency.
2. Once level up is a local disaster rendering a large housing complex uninhabitable. I managed a shelter for a fire in a 90 unit apartment complex. Again, Section VIII housing, rented, no tenants' insurance.
Opened up a shelter in a local school - showers, cafeteria, etc.
Opened up a "Social Service" service center across the street.
This shelter and service center lasted for almost two weeks. I really don't know if the local Salvation Army would have had the bandwidth.A local Volunteer Fire Department Auxiliary - in some communities - would have had the rolodex and bandwidth to handle this.
3. Another level up is a tornado.
Red Cross, Salvation Army, local Volunteer Fire Department Auxiliary with its Mutual Assistance Agreement Network.
Make no mistake - this is where we need the National Guard or the "Organized Militia" (some states have an organization that is a "National Guard without weapons - but with Engineers, Signal Corps, Medics, Civil Affairs, Water tanks, etc." Kind of like a state wide completed complemented volunteer fire department with medics, engineers, auxiliary, etc.).
4. The Big One - A level 4 or 5 hurricane, a Richter 6+ earthquake, a 9/11.