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trillian Donating Member (432 posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sun May-14-06 12:36 PM
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Massa, Baldwin, and Duck discuss the PTSD Epidemic
Cross posted at kos, where you can discuss the issue with Eric, Mishina and Andrew.

Eric Massa's Weekly Diary with Mishonda Baldwin (MD-03) and Andrew Duck (MD-05)

- The Iraq War PTSD Epidemic

Eric Massa, New York CD 29, Mishonda Baldwin, Maryland CD 3, Andrew Duck, Maryland CD 7, Iraq War, veterans, vet care, PTSD, mental health, Fighting Dems, Band of Brothers, Veterans for a Secure America

The Bush White House and the Rubber-Stamp GOP-controlled Congress have launched so many assaults against the American people that I have lost count. But perhaps the most offensive of these assaults are against the military, military families and veterans. President Bush saw fit to send our soldiers into an unnecessary war, using misleading intelligence. He then refused to properly protect the them in battle, provide the necessary medical care when they were redeployed homeward, and finally denied them and their families the financial security they have earned fighting for our nation.

I (Eric here) have put it this way:
When will our President stand up for our troops and Veterans instead of simply standing with them for photo-ops and scripted press events? When will our President keep our nation's promises to those who fight for our freedom even as he sends them to fight for others' freedom? (Our Troops and Veterans Deserve More Respect, Support , December 1, 2005)<.div>

::
The soldiers returning from Iraq and Afghanistan are not getting the necessary help to return to their families, homes, and jobs. Families are placed under incredible stress when service members return from combat. From my own personal experience I know that after the wonderful happiness of home-coming there is often a very stressful and difficult series of adjustments that have to be made. I have heard too many families talk about the lack of assistance in dealing with this added burden.

One of the most dreadful aspects of the return from combat for Iraq vets is the prevalence of PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome). PTSD in Iraq vets has been discussed for the past couple of years and has been featured often on Kos and other blogs as well as occasionally in the mainstream media. What is distressing is that this condition is afflicting at least 20% of the troops who have fought in Iraq. The numbers exceed those of the First Gulf War and approach the figures for Vietnam.

The reasons for the high incidence of PTSD are easy to explain. Unlike most conflicts where only front line troops face hostile fire, nearly all our service members in Iraq are being exposed to constant fear of IED's, insurgent activity, mortar rounds, and RPG's on a 24/7 basis for periods often lasting over a year at a time. The constant fear of dying is overwhelming and it is taking its toll. They say the average infantryman in WW2 saw 44 days of action; the rest of the time was training and transportation. In Vietnam it was worse, but not to the extent of the time in action in Iraq. The first Gulf War lasted 100 hours; the war in Afghanistan took a lot less time and the environment there is not nearly as dangerous as Iraq. Naturally the problems are going to be multiplied by assignment within Iraq. For the service members and their family members waiting at home, it is unbearable.


General Wesley Clark and Iowa Congressman Leonard Boswell are highlighting this issue through Boswell’s reelection campaign. Note the following AP report

DES MOINES, Iowa Former Democratic presidential hopeful Wesley Clark is warning that soldiers returning from the Middle East should get more help in coping with delayed stress symptoms.

The retired Army general and NATO commander was at the Statehouse today, joining veterans and Iowa Congressman Leonard Boswell in promoting the dangers of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Clark and Boswell want more money spent on treating the disorder, which affects nearly 20 percent of troops returning from Iraq.

Clark related his own story of delayed stress surfacing years after he was wounded in the Vietnam War in 1970. It took nine years before he could purge himself of repressed feelings -- a revelation that came as he was shaving one morning. He says all of a sudden he felt anger and guilt that the enemy had shot him and he didn't shoot him back.
Clark says the war in Iraq has been particularly difficult because there aren't clear battle lines, and troops who are doing traditional support duty often find themselves in violent situations.


Exactly what, then, is PTSD? First, let's look at the dictionary definition:

PTSD. Abbreviation for post-traumatic stress disorder. "A psychological disorder affecting individuals who have experienced or witnessed profoundly traumatic events, such as torture, murder, rape, or wartime combat, characterized by recurrent flashbacks of the traumatic event, nightmares, irritability, anxiety, fatigue, forgetfulness, and social withdrawal." (The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000).


In World War I and shortly thereafter, soldiers were said to suffer "shell shock," and in World War II and Korea it was called "combat" or "battle fatigue." By whatever name you call it, there is reason to believe the psychological fallout from the Iraq War will worsen. Any term or definition does little to address the agonizing toll of the broken marriages, drug and alcoholic addiction, and distraught children caused by this syndrome.

Esther Schrader has called it, "Extensive, Deadly, Costly" in http://www.truthout.org/docs_04/111504Y.shtml">These Unseen Wounds Cut Deep (Sunday 14 November 2004). As far back as 2004, Schrader noted that a "study by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research found that 15.6% of Marines and 17.1% of soldiers surveyed after they returned from Iraq suffered major depression, generalized anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder - a debilitating, sometimes lifelong change in the brain's chemistry that can include flashbacks, sleep disorders, panic attacks, violent outbursts, acute anxiety and emotional numbness." More recently the figures have reached at least one in six soldiers or Marines suffering from this disorder - and this figure may be far too low. Studies have not investigated the full extent of the problem, looking mainly at regular soldiers and Marines who have been willing to come forward with their problems. The studies have not looked at reservists, who tend to suffer a higher rate of psychological injury than career Marines and soldiers.

"The bad news is that the study underestimated the prevalence of what we are going to see down the road," said Dr. Matthew J. Friedman, a professor of psychiatry and pharmacology at Dartmouth Medical School and executive director of the VA's National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. "The complexion of the war has changed into a grueling counterinsurgency. And that may be very important in terms of the potential toxicity of this combat experience."

Given this difficult situation, one would think that the Veterans Administration would have geared up to address this epidemic. Not so.

A recent report from the GAO May 12, 2006 shows that the Bush Administration is doing very little to help these members of the military, let alone their family members. It shows they are NOT treating 78% of the members shown to be at risk for PTSD DOD is miserable failing these honorable men and women.

In an Op-Ed on Veterans for Commons Sense in October, 2005, http://www.veteransforcommonsense.org/index.cfm?page=article&id=5120">VA Seeks to Punish Iraq War Veterans, it was noted that the VA was reviewing one-third of the cases of cases of veterans who are receiving disability benefits for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

After conducting an internal study the VA believes it was too lenient in deciding which soldiers were eligible for PTSD benefits. Last year <2004>, the VA spent $4.3 billion on PTSD disability and the VA hopes to reduce these payments by revoking PTSD benefits for many veterans. This will be the final insult to soldiers who were asked to fight a war in Iraq on false premises.

This review was stopped after the objections of Congressman Tom Udall and others. One of Udall's constituents, Greg Morris, committed suicide, holding a copy of his letter from the VARO stating his VA claims records were being investigated for fraud. His stressor (see the next paragraph for a discussion of "stressor") had not been properly documented by the local VA office. He shot and killed himself when he was faced with the prospect of being interviewed again over his combat trauma. The thought of proving his stressors again was just too much; he was afraid his family was going to lose their benefits. He took his life, ensuring his wife and kids would be taken care of by the VA.

Owing to the war in Iraq the number of veterans receiving compensation for PTSD has increased by almost 80 percent in the last five years. By comparison, the number of veterans receiving compensation for all other types of disabilities only increased by 12 percent. Under the guidelines of the current review, soldiers who cannot prove that a specific incident, known as a "stressor" was sufficient to cause PTSD, their benefits will be revoked. Given the nature of warfare in Iraq it's not surprising that many returning soldiers are suffering from mental illness.


It also appeared from this study that the lack of prewar intelligence with no plan to deal with the post-combat situation, has contributed to the incidence of PTSD.

The Bush administration initially indicated that the war would be quick and easy. Vice President Cheney, only a few days after the invasion of Iraq, infamously stated that soldiers "will, in fact, be greeted as liberators." Ahmed Chalabi, a close advisor to the Bush administration prior to and immediately following the invasion said, "American troops will be greeted with flowers and candy" by the Iraqi people, and the administration repeated this many times. President Bush flew onto a U.S. aircraft carrier in May 2003 and, while standing beneath a banner proclaiming "Mission Accomplished," announced that major combat operations had ended.

It's easy to understand why the VA has seen an increase in soldiers seeking benefits due to PTSD. What's difficult to comprehend is why the very agency responsible for meeting the needs of our veterans is now turning its back on them. Perhaps the Bush administration is seeking to reduce compensation to soldiers for PTSD so that more money can be diverted to the on-going war in Iraq. Or, perhaps the effort to revoke PTSD benefits is an attempt to assert that the war has not been that devastating. What is certain is that the very people asked to sacrifice their lives, if necessary, for the nation are now being punished for doing so.


Truly the Bush administration and the Rumsfeld Pentagon are not interested in addressing the emotional ravages of the Iraq war on combat. It is just one more failure of the Bush administration based on its ideological-driven agenda with little interest in the human dimension of their goals.

In fact the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), a right wing think tank has employed an ambush artist, Dr. Sally Satel, to drum up support to emphasis that veterans claiming PTSD are no more than lazy people searching for a free ride on the taxpayers (see here. Dr. Satel's work can be seen in many publications as editorials, the NY Times and others where she disputes the claims that these people are affected and asserts that many are committing fraud.

A particularly interesting strategy was suggested by the Pentagon in a statement by one of its medical doctors: Ignore it and it will go away!

Dr. William Winkenwerder Jr., the assistant secretary of defense for health affairs, disagreed with suggestions that not all veterans who need referrals get them. In a response included in the report, the Pentagon said the clinicians are familiar with combat demands and, in some cases, a medical referral or treatment may prolong symptoms that could disappear naturally.
Combat stress symptoms may be relieved by rest and a return to normal daily life, the Defense Department said.


An exchange between General Wesley Clark and Chairman Duncan Hunter at a Hearing in 2005 underscores how the Republicans in Congress want to treat the issue of casualties. Here Duncan Hunter tries to minimize the number of reported casualties, but Clark makes a damning response in precise terms:

HUNTER: For the gentleman (Clark), before you answer that question, too, general, there's a categorization that's more precise.

And that categorization is the number of people who are wounded, who don't return immediately to their unit, which may mean that they've gotten -- that they've gotten slightly injured, but not so injured that they can't simply go back to duty that same day.

There's a number that splits that 25,000. And we'll try to get the gentleman the precise number.

CLARK: Well first of all, I can tell you that with respect to US casualties, that nobody has the exact number of people who will end up injured, wounded and psychologically damaged after the combat.

My guess is it will be significant, because I think when you kill people at close range, under stress for a prolonged period, as many of our soldiers have, even if you're totally unscratched, that psychologically, that comes back to haunt you.


We must address this problem now before we begin seeing homeless veterans on the streets, self-medicating with drugs, families starting to break up, and children left without parental guidance. Unless we take action now, the toll will be felt by families across America.

Before many more families experience the same emotional extremes as the Omvig Family of Iowa whose story about their son Joshua's torment and their work is here, relating that on 12 May 2006 General Wesley Clark met with them and that Clark then pushed for a stronger message that these military members need more help, now -- not later.

This situation is intolerable. Mishonda Baldwin has a Masters in Counseling Psychology and she notes that "This issue strikes a particular cord with me. A first step in quality treatment is a thorough and effective assessment. The recent GAO report causes alarm because if 78% of the service members who are at risk of developing PTSD do not get a referral for further evaluation then the current administration has failed the soldiers again."

Mishonda Baldwin's statement below can stand as our conclusion, and our battle cry:

Our active, reserve, and retired soldiers, sailors, airmen, and Marines at home and abroad deserve our best efforts, as they have given us theirs. My credo teaches me to never leave a soldier behind. Whether in uniform on the battlefield or in civilian clothes in Congress, this creed is my gospel.


And this must be our gospel as well.
_____________

NOTE FROM THE WesPAC CCN Troops and Vets Team. Be sure to visit the new series on CCN (Clark's Blog). They are launching the "Troops and Vets" CCN Series with a real-life story of Mike Baily, a "test vet" in one of the horror stories of the Reagan-Bush Sr. administration when the CIA and Pentagon conducted chemical tests on troops. Read at your own risk here.
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wiley Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sun May-14-06 01:07 PM
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