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and "the folks who show up and vote". A caucus is a town meeting, in effect. Anyone in a precinct (Eagle Grove, where I lived, actually did it by wards, and there was a slight difference in boundaries, but usually it's precincts) is welcome to attend a caucus. All you need to do is be a Democrat (or Repug, at their caucuses)--and you can declare yourself when you check-in at the caucus site. Then you gather with everyone else from your ward/precinct. There's a caucus chair, a voter in that precinct appointed by the County Committee, who acts as moderator. The caucus usually begins with the chair giving a little cheerleading speech--especially in presidential or gubernatorial election years. Then there's some party business, announcements from the county and state orgs, that sort of thing.
What I liked about the caucuses is that it IS the meeting of the party for that precinct. There's no place else for "party regulars" to meet in backrooms and make decisions. The apparatchiks meet in the same room with the "non-regulars". It balances out who is and who is not active in the party. If you want to vote in ANY party business, including nominating presidential and gubernatorial candidates, you MUST attend the caucus. There's no voting booth to go into, make a quick vote, and leave. To vote in a "primary" in Iowa, you must make the commitment to be at your caucus site, set aside the hour or so it takes to participate, listen to nominating speeches (I gave the one for Howard Dean), and vote by show of hands (no secret ballots--one must take a public stand, very healthy imo). Sure, there are people who don't attend either party caucus, but fewer than you'd think. Ordinary people, who in Illinois wouldn't know when the party org meets (as I can't seem to find out here in LaSalle Co.), go to the caucus, submit platform planks, make and listen to nominating speeches, and vote.
Iowa's early settlers were New Englanders, who came either at the time of the Missouri Compromise to make sure Iowa stayed a free state, or after the Civil War, when they were given veterans' benefits of 40 acres of uncleared land. They brought with them the town meeting model of government. Most towns went to less directly democratic forms over time, but Iowans have always been strong populists, and the memories of that model re-emerged with the reintroduction of caucuses in the 1970's. It's a great model because it brings party business out into the light of day. If every "party regular" in a precnct shows up at a caucus, there's still a good chance they'll be outnumbered by ordinary folks who only attend the yearly caucus. And thus, they might get their collective party organizational ass handed to 'em on any number of issues. It's hard to make backroom deals when everybody is welcome in the back room.
Really, the caucus model would go a long way toward ending Illinois's problem with corruption. And again, I think that's why it'll never be used here.
And why I miss Iowa.
Peace,
L
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