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Hello there, will try to answer this, no lawyer, but know a little about the UCMJ and discharges.
(Amateur JAG hat on)
The military has 5 types of discharges that can be given to enlisted members, these are divided in two groups
Administrative Types:These are given by a commander and reviewed by a discharge board(for the last two)
1) Honorable: Just as it says, service was honorable
2) General: Given for minor offenses or NJP(Art 15) in most cases, still keeps most VA benefits. May also be given with the words "Under Honorable Conditions"
3) Other than Honorable: The most severe administrative discharge, indicates misconduct just short of a court-martial
Punitive Types: These last two are ALWAYS the sentence of a court-martial, and are very, very damaging to a person's futures, and cause the loss of almost all VA benefits
4) Bad Conduct: May be given by either a Special or General Court-Marital, I would say maybe 85% of those convicted by court-martial get this vs the Dishonorable
5) Dishonorable: The most severe, may only be given by a General Court Martial, and generates an automatic appeal. Only given for the most severe crimes, those that carry sentences of greater than 10 years.
As officers are not enlisted, they do not get a discharge, but rather their service is classified as honorable or not honorable, and they may also be sentenced to a "punitive dismissal" by a court-martial(basically the same as a Bad Conduct)
Any JAGs out there, feel free to correct me...take care all
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