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Newspapers have been run into the ground because they were bought up by syndicates that wanted ridiculous profits rather than the steady but modest profit a local paper typically makes. Ditto for the book publishers -- or even worse, in some ways, because their corporate owners have pushed them to look for Hollywood-like blockbusters, at the same time as midlist writers are being dropped or getting steadily smaller advances.
Capitalism was originally invented to be a kind of a crap shoot -- you could invest a small amount of money in, say, a trading expedition to the East Indies, knowing that you might lose it all but that you might also hit the jackpot. Or in a company that intends to build a railroad, which again might go bust or might succeed wildly.
As late as the mid-20th century, most other kinds of business were carried on by small family firms or partnerships, not by corporations that were expected to pay dividends to their shareholders. Both my grandfathers were independent small businessmen. When my father had to sell his share in one business to serve in World War II, and his attempt to start another business with his brother after the war failed, he went to work for my mother's uncle.
Those small businesses have been killed off by the mega-corporations and the chains -- just as mom-and-pop stores are being killed off by WalMart. Slightly larger operations -- like newspapers and book publishers -- have been eaten by corporations and run into the ground. And even the founders of successful new businesses, like so many tech startups, discover that they can't grow without outside financing, are forced to go public, and then find themselves at the mercy of the money-men and their new corporate CEO's.
The requirement that corporations *must* put profits to shareholders ahead of everything else -- or at least ahead of their employees and the environment, though apparently top executives not so much -- is another distorting factor. It means that corporations, instead of being merely 800-pound gorillas, become soulless zombies -- eternal, undead, and without conscience or compassion.
I've thought a lot over the years about what a viable alternative would be, without coming up with any definitive solutions. Socialism has never appealed to me, because making things ever bigger and less responsible can't be the answer. I think the role of the federal government should be more that of referee, guarantor of equal rights, protector of the environment, and possibly provider of research and seed money -- but not that of owner.
I'd like to see a revival of small businesses -- which the Internet is making possible in a way that it wasn't 20 years ago -- and new ways for small businesses to grow into medium-sized businesses without selling out.
I'd like to see more state and community control over businesses within their borders, to ensure that the interests of the environment and the inhabitants are met -- though that would have to be set up in such a way as to prevent firms from fleeing to areas with laxer regulations.
I'd like to see a genuine labor movement again -- but it would have to be organized and oriented very differently than in the past, to ensure that workers retain real rights and real power and do not trade them away for evaporating promises of wages and benefits.
I'd like to see much that is presently done on a for-profit basis be turned to a non-profit basis -- and, in cases like the drug industry, given a promise of certain kinds of federal support in return, say, for focusing on the needs of the poor and sick instead of wealthy impotent old men.
And of course the defense firms are the final piece in the puzzle -- but one that raises thorny problems all its own and is not likely to be easily settled. But at the moment, I'd settle for at least getting them back to making nasty toys and out of the business of processing social security checks.
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