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Buzz Clik Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:17 AM
Original message
Is buying a judge through campaign contributions a form of free speech?
This is surreal. The election of judges was bound to lead to this.

The Supreme Court hears arguments Tuesday in the case of a West Virginia state supreme court justice who participated in a lawsuit involving a major campaign contributor. The party, which eventually lost, is appealing, on the ground that the justice should have recused himself. The U.S. Supreme Court will consider whether judges must recuse themselves when they might be seen to have a bias, even when they don't have a personal stake in the outcome of the case.

High court to decide when judges should step aside
from The Associated Press

The Supreme Court is being asked to set down rules for when elected judges should step aside from cases that involve their campaign supporters.

The justices are set to hear arguments Tuesday in a case from West Virginia in which a coal company executive spent more than $3 million to help elect a state Supreme Court justice. Later, Justice Brent Benjamin was part of a 3-2 majority that overturned a verdict, which now totals $82.7 million with interest, against the company, Massey Energy Co.

The losing party, Harman Mining Corp., and its president, Hugh Caperton, asked the U.S. high court to rule that Benjamin's refusal to step aside from the case violated their constitutional right to due process.

They argue that several factors combine to create an "overwhelming probability" that Benjamin would not be impartial, including the size of the campaign support and the fact that it represented more than half the money spent on his behalf. The money mostly went to an independent group that ran television ads against Benjamin's opponent.

In addition, Benjamin made the decision to remain on the case by himself, not subject to review by his fellow justices. Other states, but not the U.S. Supreme Court, allow the whole court to review recusal decisions.

Massey rejects the assertions that Benjamin owed a debt of gratitude to chief executive Don Blankenship or that Benjamin displayed any bias in his ruling. Benjamin has ruled against Massey at least four times, including in a unanimous refusal to hear the company's appeal of a $260 million judgment won in another contract dispute.

Former judges and interest groups on both sides of the debate over campaign contributions have weighed in on the dispute.

The case is Caperton v. Massey, 08-22.


http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=101368723


Nina Totenberg gives her usual fantastic summary of the case. Go to the link above and click "Listen Now"
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Bjorn Against Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:21 AM
Response to Original message
1. No, if campaign contributions are speech then free speech is very expensive.
Judges in particular should not even be allowed to take campaign contributions, much less rule on cases brought by their campaign contributors. We need public financing of elections.
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Buzz Clik Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:43 AM
Response to Reply #1
4. I agree. Judges should be held accountable, and elections can make sense only if...
... all candidates receive the same level of funding from the public pool.
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FudaFuda Donating Member (425 posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:25 AM
Response to Original message
2. Another article on this case - new info
Edited on Tue Mar-03-09 11:33 AM by FudaFuda
CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- The West Virginia Supreme Court released figures Monday indicating that Chief Justice Brent Benjamin had voted against the financial interests of Massey Energy Co. and its subsidiaries 81.6 percent of the time.

However, in cases decided by a single vote by the five-justice court, Benjamin sided with Massey most of the time.

The court released the numbers on the eve of oral arguments at the U.S. Supreme Court over whether Benjamin should have recused himself from a case involving Massey. The company's chief executive, Don Blankenship, spent more than $3 million of his own money to help elect Benjamin in 2004.

According to the court's figures, Benjamin voted against the financial interests of Massey or its subsidiaries in 15.5 out of 19 cases (the half representing a case where Benjamin concurred with as well as dissented from the court's opinion), or 81.6 percent of the time.

However, this figure includes cases decided by a wide enough margin that the rulings would have remained the same had Benjamin switched his vote.

In the three cases decided by a 3-2 tally, Benjamin voted with Massey or its subsidiaries' financial interests two out of three times in the cases cited by court spokeswoman Jennifer Bundy.

When Benjamin voted against Massey, in Jackson v. Power Mountain Coal Co. in April 2008, Massey won anyway because three other justices voted in Massey's favor.

Bundy said the court's list examined only votes in final decisions, not every vote on every motion.

According to a Gazette analysis of court records, in close votes on whether to accept Massey-related cases to the court's docket, Benjamin sided with Massey four out of five times.

Among these petitions, Benjamin twice joined 3-2 pro-Massey majorities. He has never voted in a majority against Massey when the court was deciding whether to hear a Massey-related case.

In 2004, Blankenship spent about $3 million of his own money, much of it funneled through a 527 group called And For the Sake of the Kids, to help Benjamin defeat incumbent justice Warren McGraw.

Benjamin later twice voted in the 3-2 majority to overturn a $50 million verdict in favor of Harman Mining Corp. awarded by a Boone County jury in 2002. With interest, that verdict is now worth an estimated $82 million.

Harman and its owner, Hugh Caperton, twice asked Benjamin to step aside from the case. His refusal to do so is the subject of Harman's appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court, which will be argued in front of the justices today.

Harman's lawyers and others have argued that Benjamin should have recused himself because Blankenship's large campaign spending created an appearance of impropriety.

Massey and its supporters question whether a limit can be fairly imposed on contributions in judicial elections, which take place in 38 states, including West Virginia.

Bundy said she began compiling the list in response to press queries about Benjamin's voting record. The initial queries came roughly a month ago, but the list was not completed until over the weekend, she said.

"It took us weeks to put that list together," she said, "because we wanted to be sure that it was complete and accurate."

Bundy compiled the list by searching court records for cases involving each of Massey's subsidiaries as listed on the company's most recent filing with the Securities and Exchanges Commission, she said.




http://www.wvgazette.com/News/200903020318


Guy voted against Massey most of the time, but looks like the waters are murkied by design. Anyway, this issue is bigger than this one judge in WV. Judges and elections are inevitably a poisonous mix.

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Blue Meany Donating Member (986 posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:42 AM
Response to Reply #2
3. I have always felt campaign contributions are just as much
a form of protected political expression and political assasinations are.
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Buzz Clik Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:50 AM
Response to Reply #2
7. "Judges and elections are inevitably a poisonous mix." Exactly. And....
One has to wonder why Massey has had their butts carted to the Supreme Court roughly 5 times per year. That's a lot.
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TechBear_Seattle Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:45 AM
Response to Original message
5. Appointing judges for life is a better solution?
Both methods of filling judgeships has its pluses and minuses.
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Buzz Clik Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:47 AM
Response to Reply #5
6. It's come to the point where campaigning fo judicial seats has gotten dirty.
The system is broken and needs fixing.
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TechBear_Seattle Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 11:54 AM
Response to Reply #6
8. I heartily agree that the system is broken and needs fixing. But...
I don't think that merits what seemed to be a blanket condemnation of judicial elections in your OP. If that was not your meaning, I apologize.
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TexasObserver Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 03:21 PM
Response to Reply #6
12. Your position assumes there is less, not more, dirty politics, in appointing judges.
Edited on Tue Mar-03-09 03:21 PM by TexasObserver
Have you taken a good look at the federal judiciary?

Because for 20 of the past 28 years the GOP has named judges to the federal bench, our federal judiciary is largely a bunch of rightwing, knuckle dragging ideologues who are to the right of 75% of the population.

Appointing judges is much more sleazy than electing them. Anyone appointed to the bench has proved himself or herself a loyal, LOYAL, party hack.
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Buzz Clik Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 05:14 PM
Response to Reply #12
13. Actually, I've barely taken a position at all.
The title of the thread suggests that I don't believe that campaign donations are a form of free speech, and I do not. It's a debatable issue, but that's where I stand. I recognize that elections force the judges to recognize that at least some accountability exists. However, most voters have no clue about the performance of judges, and the votes are meaningful only if 1) the judge has does something that made a media splash or 2) if his/her opponent is campaigning like crazy.

I don't recall making any comment at about appointing judges.
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rvablue Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 02:15 PM
Response to Original message
9. Bernie Madoff would agree it is.
:mad:
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Buzz Clik Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 03:01 PM
Response to Reply #9
10. Hey -- if it works for Bernie, it must be all good.
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TexasObserver Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Mar-03-09 03:14 PM
Response to Original message
11. They're two separate issues.
Yes, spending money for a candidate is a form of free speech, but it can be regulated and is regulated in many venues.

The failure of the judge to recuse himself is a different issue. It revolves around a judicial concept: the duty to recuse oneself where one has a personal interest in the outcome, or a bias that causes one side not to have a fair opportunity with the judge.

The failure of this judge to recuse himself is highly objectionable. Because West Virginia fails to have proper protections in law to keep this from happening, the case will be heard for its federal constitutional rights implications.

I believe the case should be reversed because the failure of the judge to recuse himself is a failure to meet the requirements of the equal protection clause. But who knows?
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