WASHINGTON — The Senate voted on Monday to reinstate tough penalties on ZTE, a Chinese telecom company accused of violating American sanctions, in a sharp rebuke of the Trump administration’s handling of the matter that almost ensures a rare showdown between Republican lawmakers and the White House.

The measure, pushed by senators from both parties, was tucked into a voluminous annual defense policy bill that passed the Senate Monday evening by a vote of 85 to 10. The provision would undo an agreement the Commerce Department recently reached that would allow ZTE to remain in business in exchange for paying a $1 billion fine, replacing its senior leadership and installing American compliance officers. The ZTE deal came over vociferous objections from lawmakers, who accused President Trump of putting national security at risk by allowing a company that violated American sanctions to remain in business.

Mr. Trump instructed the Commerce Department last month to look into easing penalties that barred ZTE from buying American products for seven years after President Xi Jinping of China personally asked him to save the company.

The Senate vote was an unusual act of independence for a Republican-controlled Congress that has shown little interest in publicly crossing the Trump administration, even on issues where it disagrees with the president.

https://mobile.nytimes.com/2018/06/18/us/politics/senate-zte-trump.html#click=https://t.co/ks6RlmmTHG