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Related: Editorials & Other Articles, Issue Forums, Alliance Forums, Region ForumsNuclear Winter From an India-Pakistan War Could Kill 2 Billion-Jeff Masters
https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/Nuclear-Winter-India-Pakistan-War-Could-Kill-2-Billion?cm_ven=cat6-widget<snip>
As nuclear-armed India and Pakistan engage in military clashes over the disputed Kashmir region, consider that a limited nuclear war between them is capable of causing a catastrophic global nuclear winter that could kill two billion people. The inevitable wars and diseases that would break out could kill hundreds of millions more.
A 2008 paper by Brian Toon of the University of Colorado, Alan Robock of Rutgers University, and Rich Turco of UCLA, "Environmental Consequences of Nuclear War", concluded that a war between India and Pakistan using fifty Hiroshima-sized weapons with 15-kiloton yield on each country, exploded on cities, would immediately kill or injure about forty-five million people. However, the final toll would be global and astronomically higher, according to recent research.
The most recent study of the environmental aftermath of a nuclear conflict, Mills et al. 2014, Multidecadal global cooling and unprecedented ozone loss following a regional nuclear conflict, used an Earth system climate model including atmospheric chemistry, ocean dynamics, and interactive sea ice and land components, to investigate a limited nuclear war where each side detonates fifty 15-kiloton weapons over urban areasless than half of the existing arsenals of the approximately 140 warheads each that India and Pakistan have. These urban explosions were assumed to start 100 firestorms. Firestorms are self-feeding fires that suck air into themselves and generate immense columns of rising smoke which lofts into the stratosphere, where it spreads globally. The model predicted the smoke would block enough sunlight for the Earth to experience the coldest temperatures since the last ice age, thousands of years ago.
theophilus
(3,750 posts)could sit it out in their bunkers cheering for the destruction of all of us poor folks. I am being sarcastic, obviously. But I sometimes wonder if the rich don't have such a scheme up their ermine sleeves. Maybe people are just stupid enough to pull the nuclear trigger. I hope we just pop em all off. I would sooner be vaporized than starving to death with all those around me. I am selfish, though.
padah513
(2,503 posts)Have ambassadors to any countries been appointed in this administration? Other than the obvious ones to Trump's friends and donors.
angrychair
(8,699 posts)My two cents:
Our relationship with India is tenuous, at best, and we have little to no diplomatic leverage.
Our relationship with Pakistan has always been based around either fear (economics) or money (bribery) but that is unlikely to be effective in this case.
China or Russia likely have far better negotiating power here. China claims part of Kashmir but that doesn't necessarily work in their favor here as both India and Pakistan want all of it.
This isn't the first time there has been fighting between these two but that doesn't mean this time might not be the last time.
Pakistan is the smaller and the only one heavily influenced by religious radicals of the three and therefore the most likely to use a nuke to level the playing field a little.
csziggy
(34,136 posts)Sep 14, 2017, 11:55pm
President Trump has nominated Kenneth Juster, a top White House official with deep India experience, to serve as U.S. ambassador to India. The post has been vacant since January after Ambassador Richard R. Verma stepped down as chief of the U.S. mission in New Delhi following Trumps inauguration. Justers nomination is a welcome move by President Trump, whose foreign policy thus far has generated uncertainty among U.S. allies and within the broader international community.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/ronakdesai/2017/09/14/washington-reacts-as-trump-nominates-new-u-s-ambassador-to-india/#7a267d31f423
September 25, 2018
ISLAMABAD - The new US diplomat to Pakistan, Paul Jones, began his assignment as the Chargé dAffaires at the United States Embassy Monday with a resolve to work with the new government of Pakistan.
<SNIP>
Ambassador Jones is a career member of the State Departments Senior Foreign Service. He served as Ambassador to Poland from 2015 to 2018. Previously, he was the Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs (2013-2015), Ambassador to Malaysia (2010-2013), and Deputy Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan while concurrently Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for South Asian Affairs (2009-2010). He has served as Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Manila, the U.S. Mission to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and at the U.S. Embassy in Skopje, Macedonia.
https://nation.com.pk/25-Sep-2018/new-us-ambassador-to-pakistan-assumes-charge
TheBlackAdder
(28,207 posts).
How many hundreds of nukes are they going to set off, when they only have several dozen?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsar_Bomba
.
Sapient Donkey
(1,568 posts)And for some reason I was always under the impression that the major powers stopped large scale testing during the 60's. No idea where I developed that idea from. Time to go spend a few hours reading up on this.
NickB79
(19,247 posts)Nuclear winter isn't caused directly by the nuclear explosions. It is caused by the burning of entire cities following the explosions with such intensity that massive amounts of dark soot is lofted into the stratosphere. This soot is what blocks sunlight and cools the planet.
It explained as much in the OP.
Nuclear tests in unpopulated areas or underground isn't comparable.
And beyond that, 100-150 nukes each, many considerably larger than the 15-kt estimate used in this study, isn't a few dozen.
TheBlackAdder
(28,207 posts)NickB79
(19,247 posts)Nuclear winter is the term for a GLOBAL cooling event caused by clouds of soot and ash entering the stratosphere, encircling the globe, and blocking sunlight.
angrychair
(8,699 posts)Billions of people are going to die for a plot of land the size of Kansas?!?
The absurdity of our life and times us mind numbing.
maxsolomon
(33,345 posts)Really. It's not going to happen.
angrychair
(8,699 posts)That said, the wrong move or threat or push, is all it takes to bring that house of cards down.
Pakistan is the smaller of the three landowners in terms of population and military and has religious radicals influencing policy. They would seem the most likely to resort to a "final" solution on the issue to level their playing field.
maxsolomon
(33,345 posts)i still feel like they might WANT to nuke India, but their nukes probably don't work anymore.
former9thward
(32,017 posts)And not based on any science. People would die in in India and Pakistan if their nukes still worked but nowhere else.
ck4829
(35,077 posts)India is run by nationalists of the BJP, Pakistan also has nationalists, and I would even say Islamist groups in the country are as nationalist as they are religious.
This is what nationalism has gotten us before in World War 2, this is what nationalism will get us again in the future.
That is not how this really works.
A limited exchange by these two countries, and that is all they are able to have BTW, would not equal the St Helens eruption in 1980.
Luckily, they have decided not to find out.
sarisataka
(18,660 posts)In the heyday of nuclear testing there were many years of 50+ nuclear explosions. Many of those explosions were far greater than 50 times the Hiroshima bomb, some greater than 1000 times.
If those tests didn't cause any appreciable effects to the weather it is difficult to see how a smaller limited would have greater impact on the weather.
Also I believe they seriously overestimate the effect of the firestorms. They seem to assume each bomb would create a firestorm yet neither Hiroshima nor Nagasaki experienced large firestorms after the atomic bombs.
NickB79
(19,247 posts)Last edited Sat Mar 2, 2019, 02:19 AM - Edit history (1)
How many millions of tons of flammable plastic, oil, rubber and asphalt are found in every modern city?
Also on edit: Hiroshima did in fact see a firestorm: http://www.atomicarchive.com/Effects/effects11.shtml