I'm curious as to the sample size, the fields sampled, and the age groups

Studies involving homosexuals frequently have an issue of how its defined and how to deal with the issue of whether a person is "in our out." So that should be kept in mind.

But it signals that there does need to be more research in the causes of the wage gap and that it might be more complicated. Countries that have even stricter anti-discrimination laws than we have concerning the gender wage gap have seen very little improvement. It doesnt mean those laws are useless, but they may not be attacking the problem in the correct way.

Which is to say, no primary data collection. The report is interesting though and never says so directly but implies that patriarchal attitudes may account for the positive outcome for lesbians and the negative outcome for gay men.

http://wol.iza.org/articles/sexual-orientation-and-labor-market-outcomes-1.pdf

it shouldn't be surprising that the biological ("born this way&quot differences manifest as different behaviors.

I doubt that there is any data to support this, but anecdotally, most lesbians I know work in STEM and entrepreneurial fields. In contrast, most gay men I know tend toward more artistic/creative, social services and education fields.

Not every measurable difference is attributable to external social forces. Not everything is discrimination, sometimes what the differences are measuring are personal preferences.

Is there gender discrimination? I mean I am certain there is a certain asshole employer out there who says, "Im going to pay all women less money than all men!" But I seriously doubt this is a world-wide conspiracy against women.

The reality is that men gravitate towards the higher paying careers because men are expected to make the money. Men who go to college tend to stay in college longer than women or get multiple degrees. Men are also more willing than women to negotiate salaries and ask for raises. Men are more willing to work overtime and odd hours (graveyard shifts). If women were willing to do all these things....I bet the wage gap would vanish. In fact, when you look at single women, without children, under age 35...they make MORE money than their male counterparts. But something seems to happen when she marries, and especially when she has her first child...he male co-workers ZOOM ahead of her. And she never catches up.