We sign our tax returns under penalty of perjury, which means that if we lie about our income or deductions we can be fined and even prosecuted.

Abundant evidence shows that the IRS and the New York State attorney general should initiate criminal investigations of Donald Trump, his charitable foundation and his personal tax returns.

Trump is the only presidential nominee since Gerald Ford to withhold his personal tax returns (and Ford released a summary). He has bragged on national television that not paying federal income tax makes him “smart.” Trump is last known to have paid federal income taxes in 1977.

In addition, Trump committed at least nine illegal acts through the Donald J. Trump Foundation, reporting by The Washington Post shows. Trump signed each foundation tax return, known as a Form 990, under penalty of perjury . In addition, he illegally solicited donations to his foundation, which failed to register with the state and supply it with audited financial statements, as law requires.

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While we do not have his personal returns, we do have decisions that went against Trump in two appeals he filed when auditors accused him of taking unjustified tax deductions.