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Equinox Moon

(6,344 posts)
Sun Jan 6, 2019, 05:01 PM Jan 2019

'Sonic attack' on US embassy in Havana could have been crickets, say scientists

Source: Guardian

Noise which saw diplomats complaining of headaches and nausea could be song of Indies short-tailed cricket.

The US embassy in Havana more than halved its staff in 2017 when diplomats complained of headaches, nausea and other ailments after hearing penetrating noises in their homes and nearby hotels.

The mysterious wave of illness fuelled speculation that the staff had been targeted by an acoustic weapon. It was an explanation that appeared to gain weight when an audio recording of a persistent, high-pitched drone made by US personnel in Cuba was released to the Associated Press.

But a fresh analysis of the audio recording has revealed what scientists in the UK and the US now believe is the true source of the piercing din: it is the song of the Indies short-tailed cricket, known formally as Anurogryllus celerinictus.

“The recording is definitively a cricket that belongs to the same group,” said Fernando Montealegre-Zapata, a professor of sensory biology at the University of Lincoln. “The call of this Caribbean species is about 7 kHz, and is delivered at an unusually high rate, which gives humans the sensation of a continuous sharp trill.”

Read more: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/06/sonic-attack-on-us-embassy-in-havana-could-have-been-crickets-say-scientists



Nature is the culprit!
47 replies = new reply since forum marked as read
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'Sonic attack' on US embassy in Havana could have been crickets, say scientists (Original Post) Equinox Moon Jan 2019 OP
Seriously? Is this an onion satire story or Russian Propaganda? Pachamama Jan 2019 #1
Good question. Equinox Moon Jan 2019 #3
How ironic Firestorm49 Jan 2019 #2
I seem to remember hearing about this happening in China too. Equinox Moon Jan 2019 #4
That's like saying listening to cicadas will make you ill pecosbob Jan 2019 #5
They may have provided the base tone but I'll bet it's been weaponized Arazi Jan 2019 #6
Pass. n/t gldstwmn Jan 2019 #7
Tree frogs. Those things drove me nuts in Jamaica. JustABozoOnThisBus Jan 2019 #8
LOL. Nope. (n/t) FreepFryer Jan 2019 #9
Crickets! Yeah right. And this guy is 'proving' the earth is flat! icymist Jan 2019 #10
This kid is joking right? Takket Jan 2019 #14
Karl from Online is pretty funny catbyte Jan 2019 #29
Finally someone explains this in a way I can understand. Renew Deal Jan 2019 #30
Someone recorded sounds and it was identified crickets 1democracy Jan 2019 #11
Why would anyone imagine tiny Cuba, the subject of an economic war for 59 years Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #12
No Surprise Here McKim Jan 2019 #13
Why would these be the first known instances of people getting sick from the noise though? meadowlander Jan 2019 #15
Clearly you are totally unaware of US designs against governments it doesn't like, Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #16
Um, are you sure you meant to be responding to me? meadowlander Jan 2019 #17
I could also say:"Clearly you are totally unaware of Cuban designs against governments... EX500rider Jan 2019 #18
So odd that Cuba isn't mentioned in any way in this account of that event: Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #19
Who, this guy? : EX500rider Jan 2019 #20
The Devil created the struggle for Puerto Rican freedom? That ol' commie Fidel? Right. Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #22
He either moved to Cuba and worked for the DGI or he didn't...are you saying he didn't? n/t EX500rider Jan 2019 #23
How does this Puerto Rican person have anything at all to do with the bogus sonic warfare? Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #24
OMG, that is so funny coming from you, who always brings up irrelevant old facts. EX500rider Jan 2019 #25
What are you attempting to say, other than you want to devaluate my comments? Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #26
Actually something that happened over 50 years ago has squat to do with this case. n/t EX500rider Jan 2019 #28
The racist right-wing bullies in the US government don't intend to destroy Cuba's government now? Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #32
I am sure many Americans & Cubans wish Cuba had a democracy instead of a dictatorship. EX500rider Jan 2019 #33
What Americans want for Cuba is not relative. What Cubans want is relative- Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #35
Unfortunately Cubans won't get want they want without a functioning democracy. EX500rider Jan 2019 #36
Ha ha. Good one. That Wiki entry is, itself a product of "propaganda strategies." Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #37
OK, so who from what other party could Cubans vote for instead of a Castro? n/t EX500rider Jan 2019 #38
You make good points Judi Lynn. c-rational Jan 2019 #34
Thank you, c-rational. Getting real information out there, if I find it, is really important to me. Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #39
This message was self-deleted by its author geralmar Jan 2019 #21
Never heard of that one before now. Very interesting. Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #40
This message was self-deleted by its author geralmar Jan 2019 #41
Unbearable! Of the ones who lived, probably most wish they had died, too. Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #42
Not Buying It Me. Jan 2019 #27
this is how fake new flies KT2000 Jan 2019 #31
Uhhhh I don't think crickets can cause TBI, which some people have gotten. nt Hekate Jan 2019 #43
This message was self-deleted by its author geralmar Jan 2019 #44
Thank you so much for this article. Anyone who's been following this from the first must read it. Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #45
Wonderful. So glad someone decided to REALLY think about this and use a little common sense. Judi Lynn Jan 2019 #46
This message was self-deleted by its author geralmar Jan 2019 #47

Pachamama

(16,887 posts)
1. Seriously? Is this an onion satire story or Russian Propaganda?
Sun Jan 6, 2019, 05:07 PM
Jan 2019

Anyone who has followed the story of the physical suffering and injuries to the Embassy personnel knows this is ridiculous to suggest it’s the natural consequences of a little cricket.

If in fact there was such a “culprit” - why are there not more victims throughout Cuba in diverse areas?

Firestorm49

(4,037 posts)
2. How ironic
Sun Jan 6, 2019, 05:07 PM
Jan 2019

These same crickets must be the ones outside the American Embassy in China too.

*****i might have the second location incorrect, but at least two embassy’s have been targeted by “crickets”.

Equinox Moon

(6,344 posts)
4. I seem to remember hearing about this happening in China too.
Sun Jan 6, 2019, 05:10 PM
Jan 2019

Hmmmm...
Maybe it is not yet solved after-all.

JustABozoOnThisBus

(23,362 posts)
8. Tree frogs. Those things drove me nuts in Jamaica.
Sun Jan 6, 2019, 06:27 PM
Jan 2019

They just don't shut up. They are the Rick Astley of the toad world.

catbyte

(34,437 posts)
29. Karl from Online is pretty funny
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 07:54 PM
Jan 2019

?lang=en
My dumbass flat earth video is all over facebook and most people clearly think I'm serious. Everybody is so mean to me lol

1:26 PM - Sep 8, 2017

1democracy

(167 posts)
11. Someone recorded sounds and it was identified crickets
Sun Jan 6, 2019, 08:32 PM
Jan 2019

The conclusion in the article is that it was not the sound of crickets that damaged embassy personnel (obviously!), but some other mechanism, yet to be identified.

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
12. Why would anyone imagine tiny Cuba, the subject of an economic war for 59 years
Sun Jan 6, 2019, 09:54 PM
Jan 2019

would ever try to make life so much harder for the people by using sneaky, absurd attacks on the hearing of US Interests Section personnel? To what end?

People who haven't bothered to become aware of US/Cuban relations since the revolution, and US support for bloody, vicious, corrupt dictator Fulgencio Batista, who was completely in bed with the U.S. Mafia, haven't been intellectually curious enough to think about the fact President Obama was slowly trying to open up relations, to retire the absurd hatred and hostility toward the little country our diseased, racist right wing had nurtured, and savored all these very long years.

If only more people couldn't try to shake themselves from idiotic swallowing every thing which has been handed them to print by the U.S. State Department and their rabid right-wing politicians, or their nearly brain-dead pundits who CLEARLY have no idea of what the hell has been happening all these long, painful years for the poor of the Caribbean and Latin America.

It's long past time people start awakening to what has been reality from the first, and available to learn for those who don't want to be lead by the nose by the military/industrial/racist machine running this country.

On edit:

It won't do you any good to simply be content with trying to beat down everyone who doesn't see things like you. Far, far better, and more honorable, not to mention intelligent, to start doing some desperately needed homework. Find those real answers you need, the ones which you will recognize to be what you've been missing.

McKim

(2,412 posts)
13. No Surprise Here
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 12:01 AM
Jan 2019

Remember that Trump has the Miami Cuban Exiles in his back pocket. This rumor was created to please them. I personally know the Cuban neuroscientists who worked on finding the source of the noises. They are very ethical credentialed people Yes, noise can make you sick. It impacts health. End of story, I hope.

meadowlander

(4,402 posts)
15. Why would these be the first known instances of people getting sick from the noise though?
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 01:35 AM
Jan 2019

If it's a reasonably common insect that has been around for ages, why are people suddenly getting sick at the same time? And only embassy staff, not people who live there and are exposed, presumably, more often and for longer periods of time?

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
16. Clearly you are totally unaware of US designs against governments it doesn't like,
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 02:49 AM
Jan 2019

and would like to activate more hostility with. It has been going on for so very long, it seems almost impossible you are oblivious.

You never took the time to recognize there are strictly political implications to this nonsense? Who benefits? A nasty right-wing, racist a-hole adminstration attempting to overturn, destroy all the many studied, well-planned, intelligent steps the Obama administration has taken, on the way to opening wholesome, moral relationship with this very, VERY small country, which no way in hell would consider trying to make things harder on itself by antagonizing a big bully which has been squeezing it dry, trying to demolish it for 60 years, the longest running economic war on another country in history. No, Cuba is NOT attempting to harm U.S. Americans. For what purpose? What on earth could they gain? What they would gain, as anyone knows, is far, far more hardship than they have suffered already for 60 years.

Going back to near the beginning of this vicious malicious behavior toward the revolutionary people of Cuba:

Operation Northwoods

Operation Northwoods was a proposed, and almost implemented, false flag operation against the Cuban government that originated within the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) of the United States government in 1962. The proposals called for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) or other U.S. government operatives to commit acts of terrorism against American civilians and military targets, blaming it on the Cuban government, and using it to justify a war against Cuba. The plans detailed in the document included the possible assassination of Cuban émigrés, sinking boats of Cuban refugees on the high seas, hijacking planes, blowing up a U.S. ship, and orchestrating violent terrorism in U.S. cities.[2] The proposals were rejected by John F. Kennedy.[3][4][5]

At the time of the proposal, communists led by Fidel Castro had recently taken power in Cuba. The operation proposed creating public support for a war against Cuba by blaming it for terrorist acts that would actually be perpetrated by the U.S. Government.[6] To this end, Operation Northwoods proposals recommended hijackings and bombings followed by the introduction of phony evidence that would implicate the Cuban government. It stated:

The desired resultant from the execution of this plan would be to place the United States in the apparent position of suffering defensible grievances from a rash and irresponsible government of Cuba and to develop an international image of a Cuban threat to peace in the Western Hemisphere.

Several other proposals were included within Operation Northwoods, including real or simulated actions against various U.S. military and civilian targets. The operation recommended developing a "Communist Cuban terror campaign in the Miami area, in other Florida cities and even in Washington".

The plan was drafted by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, signed by Chairman Lyman Lemnitzer and sent to the Secretary of Defense. Although part of the U.S. government's anti-communist Cuban Project, Operation Northwoods was never officially accepted; it was authorized by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, but then rejected by President John F. Kennedy. According to currently released documentation, none of the operations became active under the auspices of the Operation Northwoods proposals.

More:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Northwoods

Please don't let any more time stampede past you, and start trying to find out what has really been happening. A lot of these things have been done covertly because they were so underhanded and cruel and immoral the people involved knew very well that clean, righteous people would be absolutely furious learning what their own tax-supported government was doing in their names.

A lot of information has been revealed through investigators, authors trying to penetrate records which should be available to the taxpayers but have been sealed, through the Freedom of Information Act. Also, a lot of these things are common knowledge with people of other countries who were the ones deeply harmed, maimed, or relatives of murdered people who were despised politically for their DEMOCRATIC beliefs.

Youo can redeem your self-respect by making a stand and starting to look for the truth.

meadowlander

(4,402 posts)
17. Um, are you sure you meant to be responding to me?
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 02:07 PM
Jan 2019

I was arguing that it probably isn't "just crickets" because if it was a natural phenomenon this wouldn't be the first time we were seeing it.

I'm assuming your (very rude and condescending) post was intended for someone else?

EX500rider

(10,849 posts)
18. I could also say:"Clearly you are totally unaware of Cuban designs against governments...
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 04:56 PM
Jan 2019

...it doesn't like, and would like to activate more hostility with. It has been going on for so very long, it seems almost impossible you are oblivious."

Mark Cohen, a professor of neurology and pioneer in functional brain imaging at University of California, Los Angeles, said there was insufficient evidence to link the diplomats’ health problems to the sounds they heard. “These are symptoms which are typical of many, many causes,” he said. “It is an incautious leap to presume that the cause was related to the reports of sounds heard by these diplomats.”

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/may/29/cuba-calls-on-us-and-canada-to-investigate-sonic-attack-mystery

I'd say most likely it is a new long range listening device being used by the Russian, the Chinese or the Cuban intelligence agencies or maybe all three.

I'll play your game and post something irrelevant that happened a long time ago:

The Cuban Intelligence Directorate, commonly known as G2 and, until 1989, named Dirección General de Inteligencia (DGI), is the main state intelligence agency of the government of Cuba:

The DGI sought to aid the growing Puerto Rican separatist movement. Dr. Daniel James testified before a U.S. Senate subcommittee that the DGI, working through Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, organized and trained the Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña (FALN) in 1974. In October 1974, Ojeda was arrested and charged with terrorist acts against American hotels in Puerto Rico. Authorities found a substantial amount of Cuban government documents and secret codes in his possession. Shortly after his release on bail he disappeared but was credited with the 1979 unification of Puerto Rico's five principal terrorist groups into the Cuban-directed National Revolutionary Command (CRN). According to the former chief investigator of the U.S. Senate, Alfonso Tarabochia, the DGI began directing criminal activities in Puerto Rico and the eastern and midwestern United States as early as 1974. That June the secretary general of the Puerto Rican Socialist Party, Juan Marí Bras, met in Havana with Fidel Castro to consolidate party solidarity.

Beginning in September 1974, the incidence of bombings by Puerto Rican extremists, particularly the FALN, escalated sharply. Targets included U.S. companies and public places. The FALN was responsible for a bombing that killed four and wounded dozens at the historic Fraunces Tavern in lower Manhattan on January 25, 1975. Later that year, Fidel Castro sponsored the First World Solidarity Conference for the Independence of Puerto Rico in Havana.

Ríos was killed by the FBI on Friday, September 23, 2005, in the town of Hormigueros, Puerto Rico.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_de_Inteligencia

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
19. So odd that Cuba isn't mentioned in any way in this account of that event:
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 05:32 PM
Jan 2019

OCTOBER 24, 2005 ISSUE
The Killing of Filiberto Ojeda Rios
When the FBI hunted down and killed one of its most wanted fugitives in September, outrage over the botched operation may have energized the Puerto Rican independence movement.

By Félix Jiménez OCTOBER 7, 2005

he spartan house in which Filiberto Ojeda Ríos lived for six years and in which he died did not hide the political leanings of its owner. A small banner with the red-and-green logo of the Boricua Popular Army (Los Macheteros) hung over the wooden balcony. A small Macheteros banner—generally regarded as a nod to the group’s most lofty tenets of egalitarian existence—is not a notable or ominous sight in Puerto Rico. Still, the display was odd for a private man who had been incessantly searched for fifteen years after he freed himself of an electronic monitoring device and jumped bail in 1990.

His neighbors in the small hilly town of Hormigueros, eighty-five miles west of San Juan, only knew that the man who lived in that house was “Don Luis,” an unassuming 70-something who enjoyed gardening. Silent and reserved, he used to wave at the neighbors from his farmhouse in the Plan Bonito (Beautiful Plan) sector whenever he saw them. No inkling of the leader who served as the emotional symbol of Puerto Rican national resistance for more than two decades, and was regarded variously as icon, legend, hero, madman or cowardly criminal once on the FBI’s Most Wanted List for the infamous 1983 heist of a Wells Fargo truck in Connecticut, which netted $7.2 million for the Macheteros. Earlier this year, the reward for information leading to his arrest was increased to $1 million, even though the Macheteros have been essentially inactive for the past fifteen years.

But by midnight of September 23, Puerto Ricans just wanted to see Ojeda Ríos alive. It took twenty-four hours to finally learn, in a tense FBI press conference, that the bullet that entered his neck and exited through his back had killed him. This time he could not evade the exacting art of a sharpshooter, even wearing his faithful bulletproof vest.

The operation in which Ojeda Ríos was killed has singlehandedly turned the former fugitive from a Robin Hoodish patriot of reference into the consensual patriot of preference in Puerto Rico. The FBI’s beautiful plan for the Plan Bonito mission, a hassle-free, enter-the-house, arrest-the-fugitive scheme, was based on a miscalculation: Surrender was not an option for Ojeda Ríos. Or perhaps that fact was indeed considered, and thus the outcome of the mysterious twenty-two-hour standoff, with its concurrent information blackout, was exactly the one desired. But if it was, it set off a political earthquake whose aftershocks may not recede for some time.

Armed with a federal arrest warrant, the agents contend that they found the fugitive armed. “He started the whole thing. He fired first and wounded an agent,” said the FBI’s Special Agent in Charge Luis Fraticelli. Ojeda Ríos’s widow, Elma Beatriz Rosado Barbosa, who was briefly detained by agents at the house and then released, has countered that the FBI contingent entered the house firing. Apparently the bureau contemplated neither Ojeda Ríos’s surrender nor his survival. The wounded agent was airlifted to a hospital. Ojeda was not. Special Agent Fraticelli said the FBI “feared explosives might be present in the house” and waited eighteen hours after they shot Ojeda Ríos for “fresh agents to arrive in a flight from Quantico to attempt a tactical entrance to the hideout.” The autopsy performed on Ojeda Ríos’s body revealed that his wound was not life-threatening and that he could have survived if he had received proper medical attention. Instead, he slowly bled to death. Amnesty International suggested that the killing had the blueprint of an “extrajudicial execution.”

More:
https://www.thenation.com/article/killing-filiberto-ojeda-rios/

EX500rider

(10,849 posts)
20. Who, this guy? :
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 05:58 PM
Jan 2019

"In 1961 he moved his family from Puerto Rico to Cuba and was recruited into the General Intelligence Directorate, the Cuban intelligence service. In 1967 he founded and led the very first of Puerto Rico's new militant political groups, the Armed Revolutionary Independence Movement, aka MIRA (Movimiento Independentista Revolucionario Armado)"

Very unlikely he did any of that without Cuban approval and support.

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
22. The Devil created the struggle for Puerto Rican freedom? That ol' commie Fidel? Right.
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 07:20 PM
Jan 2019

As remains, Cuba has been the object of obsession for decades, as firmly stated by a previous U.S. Interests head, Wayne S. Smith, and any idiots who relish the thought of trying to launch war upon a tiny country which has dared to insist upon its own independence, to launch that war from the bowels of the most powerful country on earth, a country which has been breathing down its neck since the 1800's, are not only wildly stupid, but insane, as well.

Asking people to use their brains, in some cases, is a hopeless cause.

As stated above, since the 1960's, sadistic bullies have been trying to devise ways to create the appearance of hostilities launched by Cuba as an excuse, through molding public idiot perception for popular support, to wipe the little island out and put all the same racist buttheads back in charged there, which the "exiles" expected.

The end.

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
24. How does this Puerto Rican person have anything at all to do with the bogus sonic warfare?
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 07:41 PM
Jan 2019

You drove off the road altogether when you brought it up, I had assumed you'd find your way back soon if you intended to discuss the subject.

No connection.

No similarity.

Nothing.

He was not employed by Cuba. He, like all the others who seek independence for their own country always worked for their OWN country's future, their OWN cause. To try to distort the facts is simply a clumsy effort to distract.

EX500rider

(10,849 posts)
25. OMG, that is so funny coming from you, who always brings up irrelevant old facts.
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 07:43 PM
Jan 2019

Operation Northwoods ring a bell?

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
26. What are you attempting to say, other than you want to devaluate my comments?
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 07:47 PM
Jan 2019

Clearly I remember Operation Northwoods, I posted that information deliberately because it has DIRECT implications, as it shows a pattern which has been in place a very long time.

Try to control your political hostility, and spend your time researching, instead. It's never too late to get on the right track. It makes far more sense.

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
32. The racist right-wing bullies in the US government don't intend to destroy Cuba's government now?
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 08:48 PM
Jan 2019

That's really nice.

Glad to hear it.

People all over the world who support Cuba's right to its own sovereignty will be glad to hear it.

EX500rider

(10,849 posts)
33. I am sure many Americans & Cubans wish Cuba had a democracy instead of a dictatorship.
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 08:52 PM
Jan 2019

But that also has squat to do with US Embassy officials being harmed in unknown ways while at the Embassy in Cuba.

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
35. What Americans want for Cuba is not relative. What Cubans want is relative-
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 09:06 PM
Jan 2019

the same ones whose parents fought for the revolution, and fought in the Bay of Pigs to keep the dirty invaders out.

EX500rider

(10,849 posts)
36. Unfortunately Cubans won't get want they want without a functioning democracy.
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 09:13 PM
Jan 2019
The Cuban political system is normally described as undemocratic by human rights groups and academics and is usually classified as a dictatorship, one-party state or an authoritarian or totalitarian state. Those who see Cuba as a democracy have described it a grassroots democracy, a centralized democracy or a revolutionary democracy.[16]

Cuba is the only authoritarian regime in the Americas, according to the 2010 Democracy Index. Cuba's extensive censorship system was close to North Korea on the 2008 Press Freedom Index.[17] The media is operated under the Communist Party’s Department of Revolutionary Orientation, which "develops and coordinates propaganda strategies".[18] According to Maria Werlau, the extreme concentration of power to the Castro family seems comparable in modern times only to that of North Korea under the regimes of Kim Jong-il and Kim Il-sung.[19]


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Cuba#Democracy

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
37. Ha ha. Good one. That Wiki entry is, itself a product of "propaganda strategies."
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 11:27 PM
Jan 2019

Edward Bernays

Edward Louis Bernays (November 22, 1891 – March 9, 1995) is considered one of the fathers of the field of public relations along with Ivy Lee. As a member of the Creel Committee, he helped U.S. President Woodrow Wilson propagandize in support of allied war aims during World War I. He went on to design PR campaigns for politicians and companies such as General Motors, Procter & Gamble and American Tobacco. Combining the ideas of Gustave Le Bon and Wilfred Trotter on crowd psychology with the psychoanalytical ideas of his uncle, Sigmund Freud, Bernays was one of the first to attempt to manipulate public opinion using the subconscious.

He felt this manipulation was necessary in society, which he regarded as irrational and dangerous as a result of the 'herd instinct' that Trotter had described. Adam Curtis's award-winning 2002 documentary for the BBC, The Century of the Self, pinpoints Bernays as the originator of modern public relations, and Bernays was named one of the 100 most influential Americans of the 20th century by Life magazine.[1]

. . .

As well as being influenced by his uncle Sigmund's ideas of the Unconscious, Bernays applied the ideas of the French writer Gustave LeBon, the originator of Crowd psychology, and of Wilfred Trotter, who promoted similar ideas to the English speaking world in his famous book, Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War. Bernays refers to these two names in his writings. Trotter, who was a head and neck surgeon at University College Hospital, London, read Freud's works, and it was he who introduced Wilfred Bion, with whom he lived and worked, to Freud's ideas. When Freud fled Germany for London at the start of World War II, Trotter became his personal physician, and Bion and Ernest Jones became key members of the Freudian Psychoanalysis movement in England, and would go on to develop the field of Group Dynamics, largely associated with the Tavistock Institute where many of Freud's followers worked. Thus ideas of Group Psychology and Psychoanalysis came together in London around World War II.

. . .

Bernays also pioneered the PR industry's use of psychology and other social sciences to design its public persuasion campaigns. "If we understand the mechanism and motives of the group mind," he wrote, "is it not possible to control and regiment the masses according to our will without their knowing about it? The recent practice of propaganda has proved that it is possible, at least up to a certain point and within certain limits." (Propaganda, 2005 ed., p. 71.) He called this scientific technique of opinion-molding the "engineering of consent."

. . .

Propaganda

Cover of Bernays' 1928 book, Propaganda.
In Propaganda (1928), his most important book, Bernays argued that the scientific manipulation of public opinion was a necessary to overcome chaos and conflict in society:

The conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democracy society. Those who manipulate this unseen mechanism of society constitute an invisible government which is the true ruling power of our country. ... We are governed, our minds are molded, our tastes formed, our ideas suggested, largely by men we have never heard of. This is a logical result of the way in which our democratic society is organized. Vast numbers of human beings must cooperate in this manner if they are to live together as a smoothly functioning society. ... In almost every act of our daily lives, whether in the sphere of politics or business, in our social conduct or our ethical thinking, we are dominated by the relatively small number of persons...who understand the mental processes and social patterns of the masses. It is they who pull the wires which control the public mind.

. . .

Overthrow of government of Guatemala
On behalf of the United Fruit Company (today's Chiquita Brands International), Bernays orchestrated political propaganda in concert with the U.S. government to facilitate the overthrow of the democratically elected president of Guatemala, Jacobo Arbenz Guzman. Bernays' propaganda (documented in the BBC documentary, The Century of the Self), branded Arbenz as communist and was published in major U.S. media. According to a book review by John Stauber and Sheldon Rampton of Larry Tye's biography, "The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays & The Birth of PR",

"the term 'banana republic' actually originated in reference to United Fruit's domination of corrupt governments in Guatemala and other Central American countries. The company brutally exploited virtual slave labor in order to produce cheap bananas for the lucrative U.S. market."

More:
https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Edward_Bernays

~ ~ ~

Sigmund Freud’s Nephew Predicted The Coming of Trump
The ultimate spin-master of 20th-century American advertising and politics, Edward Bernays knew the power of government spectacle—for good and for ill.

Gil Troy
08.20.17 12:00 AM ET

One hundred years ago, Sigmund Freud’s nephew invented Donald Trump.

While selling World War I to America via George Creel’s Barnum-esque Committee on Public Information, Edward Bernays saw America’ future. Tapping into his uncle’s psychological insights, media power, mass gullibility, celebrity magic, and the alchemy of symbols, Bernays realized that “government by propaganda worked.”

He could manipulate people’s desires, engineer consent. He could conjure up politicians and political causes, sway the mob. In peacetime, the “psychological warfare” he had mastered could transform politics—and consumerism.

. . .

Bernays lived long enough to see the damage he caused and tried to correct it. He supported anti-smoking campaigns. He called for licensing of PR professionals, saying in 1991, while celebrating his centenary: “Public relations today is horrible. Any dope, any nitwit, any idiot can call him or herself a public relations practitioner.”

Still, it’s too easy to caricature Bernays and other mass manipulators as agents of the devil. This is more than a tale of Freud’s nephew messing with our minds, perverting our hearts. These people don’t succeed because they are satan’s assistants. Edward Bernays was a smart, sophisticated, generous, idealist. He—and others less scrupulous than he—understood how to reach the devil within us all.

More:
https://www.thedailybeast.com/sigmund-freuds-nephew-predicted-the-coming-of-trump

~ ~ ~

POPULISM AS CORE ELEMENT OF FASCISM
Posted on December 21, 2016 by Chip Berlet

Fascism is a complex political current that parasitizes other ideologies, includes many internal tensions and contradictions, and has chameleon-like adaptations based on the specific historic symbols, icons, slogans, traditions, myths, and heroes of the society it wishes to mobilize. In addition, fascism as a social movement often acts dramatically different from fascism once it holds state power. When holding state power, fascism tends to be rigidly hierarchical, authoritarian, and elitist. As a social movement fascism employs populist appeals against the current regime and promises a dramatic and quick transformation of the status quo.

In interwar Europe there were three distinct forms of fascism, Italian economic corporatist fascism (the original fascism), German racial nationalist Nazism, and clerical fascism exemplified by religious/nationalist movements in Croatia, Hungary, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and the Ukraine, among others.

Right-wing populism can act as both a precursor and a building block of fascism, with anti-elitist conspiracism and ethnocentric scapegoating as shared elements. The dynamic of right-wing populism interacting with and facilitating fascism in interwar Germany was chronicled by Peter Fritzsche in Rehearsals for Fascism: Populism and Political Mobilization in Weimar Germany. Fritzsche showed that distressed middle-class populists in Weimar launched bitter attacks against both the government and big business. This populist surge was later exploited by the Nazis which parasitized the forms and themes of the populists and moved their constituencies far to the right through ideological appeals involving demagoguery, scapegoating, and conspiracism.

The Nazis expressed the populist yearnings of middle-class constituents and at the same time advocated a strong and resolutely anti-Marxist mobilization….Against “unnaturally” divisive parties and querulous organized interest groups, National Socialists cast themselves as representatives of the commonweal, of an allegedly betrayed and neglected German public….reaking social barriers of status and caste, and celebrating at least rhetorically the populist ideal of the people’s community…


This populist rhetoric of the Nazis, focused the pre-existing “resentments of ordinary middle-class Germans against the bourgeois ‘establishment’ and against economic and political privilege, and by promising the resolution of these resentments in a forward-looking, technologically capable volkisch ‘utopia,'” according to Fritzsche.

More:
http://www.politicalresearch.org/tag/right-wing-populism-in-america/#sthash.kKgXyV8t.dpbs

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
39. Thank you, c-rational. Getting real information out there, if I find it, is really important to me.
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 11:39 PM
Jan 2019

You are very kind, and very appreciated.

Response to Equinox Moon (Original post)

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
40. Never heard of that one before now. Very interesting.
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 11:44 PM
Jan 2019

I have to mention US use of white phosphorus which melts skin and burns through all the way to the bone, and what shocking damage that does to those who have been the victims unlucky enough to have murdered and terrorized by incredibly monstrous wounds from that military evil, hellish weapon.

Response to Judi Lynn (Reply #40)

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
42. Unbearable! Of the ones who lived, probably most wish they had died, too.
Tue Jan 8, 2019, 12:18 AM
Jan 2019

That detail (huge) seems to have missed getting into history books for the public.

Just one person getting that nightmare thrust upon him would be far too many.

Thank you.

That title is haunting. Glad you mentioned it.

KT2000

(20,586 posts)
31. this is how fake new flies
Mon Jan 7, 2019, 08:47 PM
Jan 2019

the explanation that will survive is that the people are just nuts because it was cricket sounds that bothered them.
Most people will not read the article or understand what was written - the sound that was recorded was crickets. Crickets are not responsible for the injuries to the people. The brain damage has been documented in those affected.

Our own government has tested sound waves as a weapon. They are preparing to do additional tests underwater. The whales will suffer those effects. They are accepting comments but you can be sure it will happen.

Response to Equinox Moon (Original post)

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
45. Thank you so much for this article. Anyone who's been following this from the first must read it.
Tue Jan 8, 2019, 07:22 PM
Jan 2019

Exactly as most would expect, given they are sane.

Have to run, only part way through, cannot wait to finish it later.

You can't imagine how important it is to see this, after so much absurd hair-on-fire hysterics witnessed, and Cold War crappola resurrected where you'd least expect it.

Judi Lynn

(160,601 posts)
46. Wonderful. So glad someone decided to REALLY think about this and use a little common sense.
Wed Jan 9, 2019, 02:45 AM
Jan 2019

Anyone who has done a lot of reading over years has run into incident after incident of situations going back like this for centuries, involving people around the world.

They continue and then they are gone. People in the past simply appeared to remain clueless, dumb as mud. They didn't have technology to make mass printing available, so they didn't have a lot of history to examine, evaluate, and of course, we know the results of such profound ignorance.

People often have died, over time, some tortured as part of the dying, as ignorance ruled the day, and power-mad imbeciles decided to manipulate the gullibility of others.

Your posted article, published by Vanity Fair, was, at long last, the first study, the first effort I've seen to look below the surface, and the propaganda. So funny, considering the spooks spooked themselves in some of these cases. Shows how wildly vulnerable they actually are, doesn't it?

Can only marvel that this information didn't come sooner, publicly, but then, we are still fighting the same blind ignorance now which was prevalent in the dark ages. It's just easier to conceal it seems to be the difference. So many ways to cover it up.

There are more now, who do have a clue, and that number is going to grow, of course, as long as people are allowed to continue to read and search, and as long as people are allowed to write the truth. God knows there has always been a green light for people who want to publish gibberish, wrapped in a flag.

Thank you, geralmar, for taking the time to make this enormous contribution. Hope many conscious, awakened, curious people see your link and pounce on it. Such good information.

Response to Judi Lynn (Reply #46)

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