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Recursion

(56,582 posts)
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 10:51 AM Feb 2020

David Brooks: The nuclear family was never going to last

https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/03/the-nuclear-family-was-a-mistake/605536/

Once every so often David Brooks manages to write something that makes sense (he came out in favor of reparations last year, too).


Through the early parts of American history, most people lived in what, by today’s standards, were big, sprawling households. In 1800, three-quarters of American workers were farmers. Most of the other quarter worked in small family businesses, like dry-goods stores. People needed a lot of labor to run these enterprises. It was not uncommon for married couples to have seven or eight children. In addition, there might be stray aunts, uncles, and cousins, as well as unrelated servants, apprentices, and farmhands. (On some southern farms, of course, enslaved African Americans were also an integral part of production and work life.)

Steven Ruggles, a professor of history and population studies at the University of Minnesota, calls these “corporate families”—social units organized around a family business. According to Ruggles, in 1800, 90 percent of American families were corporate families. Until 1850, roughly three-quarters of Americans older than 65 lived with their kids and grandkids. Nuclear families existed, but they were surrounded by extended or corporate families.

Extended families have two great strengths. The first is resilience. An extended family is one or more families in a supporting web. Your spouse and children come first, but there are also cousins, in-laws, grandparents—a complex web of relationships among, say, seven, 10, or 20 people. If a mother dies, siblings, uncles, aunts, and grandparents are there to step in. If a relationship between a father and a child ruptures, others can fill the breach. Extended families have more people to share the unexpected burdens—when a kid gets sick in the middle of the day or when an adult unexpectedly loses a job.

A detached nuclear family, by contrast, is an intense set of relationships among, say, four people. If one relationship breaks, there are no shock absorbers. In a nuclear family, the end of the marriage means the end of the family as it was previously understood.

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mopinko

(70,127 posts)
1. i blame a lot of troubles of our time on levittown.
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 11:00 AM
Feb 2020

and comedians who told MIL jokes.

grandmothers made us the animals we are. blocking them out was a bad idea.
then when we expanded beyond clan, we flourished. but we seem to suck at all that now.

i think we are experiencing a new burst of human evolution right now. i am not hopeful.

Mersky

(4,982 posts)
2. Then you haven't met my MIL.
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 12:02 PM
Feb 2020


But more seriously, most ‘good’ comedy works because it turns on that which is true. Might be hard, ugly, or gross, but nonetheless rooted in truth. I can’t, for the life of me, think of one comedian who focuses heavily on MILs, then again it could be because of my migraine-ish headache. I can’t help but stand up for comedians, cuz bless their hearts, I don’t know what I’d do without them.

I do think there are societal issues of taking on fast-paced modernity and all the inter-generational disagreement that comes with it. The idea of some ideal American tradition of nuclear family falls away when you consider the histories of slavery, foundlings, orphan trains, and peoples displaced in their struggles to make a life in this country. If it’s the 1950s mirroring of American familial perfection that we’re lacking, well, most everyone will be disappointed in their efforts to take on 2020.

mopinko

(70,127 posts)
4. i grew up in the golden age of misogynist comedy. take my wife, please.
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 12:46 PM
Feb 2020

to the moon alice.

the kernel of truth is that men resent old women w power of any kind. the bigger the asshole, the bigger the beef. the bigger the gang he hang w, the bigger the beef will get.
grandmothers changed what we were. some guys have never gotten over it. but they are the natural counterweight to male violence.

disney didnt invent stories about crones. it's hard wired.

it's more about tribes than clan, tho, really. that was a big bump in human evolution. expanding the tribe. and it is just an evolutionary fact that tribes work for humans, and we can make a tribe based on anything.

Mersky

(4,982 posts)
5. I hear you about culturally ingrained misogyny, etc.
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 01:09 PM
Feb 2020

The line between helpful or not is blurred within comedy. But I generally think comedy reflects back what it sees, so it lags behind more than it drives forward while giving space to see behavior anew. I’ve only experienced the Honeymooners well after the fact of its original airing, but nonetheless, I can get where you’re coming from.

Tribes and all? I’m pretty fond of my chosen family

Collimator

(1,639 posts)
6. Book recommendation:
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 02:04 PM
Feb 2020

The Crone: Woman of Age, Wisdom and Power by Barbara G. Walker.

Anything by Walker is worth reading in my opinion. She discusses aspects of feminist spirituality without the "woo factor", and I appreciate that.

mopinko

(70,127 posts)
7. it's in our genes, imho.
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 03:31 PM
Feb 2020

when jung talks about archetypes, i hear- genetic roles in the tribe.

when i started my farm i ran into a lot of silly bullshit that i summed up as- some people seem to think this is a disney movie.
people laughed, then i gave them a short history lesson about what real people do to real crones.

Igel

(35,320 posts)
8. A lot of it was urbanization. And prosperity.
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 06:34 PM
Feb 2020

Hard to have an extended family of 15 people in a railroad apt.

Now, in fairly poor suburbs with big houses, it's still seen--family across the street has grandmother, parents, and 4 kids, plus one of two kids' significant others and one of those couple's babies. Crowded, but they seem okay with it for now.

hedda_foil

(16,375 posts)
3. This is a great piece! I'm printing it out right now.
Mon Feb 10, 2020, 12:04 PM
Feb 2020

Thank you so much for this, Recursion. I'm going to use it in my classes on the 50s, 60s and 70s. But there should be discussion groups around it. This article could help policy makers if we could trust those on the other side to do anything about it except banning divorce and contraception.

appalachiablue

(41,146 posts)
10. In general I think Brooks has gone a bit overboard here. Nuclear
Tue Apr 21, 2020, 10:30 PM
Apr 2020

families were still the standard, even in rural areas and labor needs were rarely as large as what he describes which sounds like a clan, village or plantation, far beyond the 'Waltons' even, lol.

The family unit was normally a husband, wife and children with the occasional grandparents. Adding in single persons ('strays' wth?) such as an aunt, uncle, cousin or servant was uncommon except in unusual circumstances and in areas with larger farming or ranching operations, more space and greater need for labor.

My ancestors who lived in rural areas had large families, for example my grandparents had eight children but there were no others in the family household. In two generations there was a single sister/aunt who worked and lived on her own, quite independently in the city and one brother/uncle who was able to live on his own with some support since he was blind.

Going back even more years, I know that at Monticello when I first saw it as a child, the guides referred to extended family members of Thomas Jefferson who lived at the large plantation, an entire community really, c. 1780-1830.

Included in the household was Jefferson's disabled younger sister, and his daughter's husband with health problems who lived separately from the large main house.
-------------------------------
> "People needed a lot of labor to run these enterprises. It was not uncommon for married couples to have seven or eight children. In addition, there might be stray aunts, uncles, and cousins, as well as unrelated servants, apprentices, and farmhands. (On some southern farms, of course, enslaved African"...).

Recursion

(56,582 posts)
12. The social historians I've read disagree with you
Wed Apr 22, 2020, 09:31 AM
Apr 2020

Multigenerational living was very common before the middle of the 20th century.

appalachiablue

(41,146 posts)
13. Brooks is light on the economics of why there were many nuclear
Wed Apr 22, 2020, 01:52 PM
Apr 2020

families in the U.S. 1950-1965. At the time we had well paying jobs with benefits, unions and a stronger social safety net, all of which benefited white men the most. Since then wages have been kept down, unions have been broken, jobs were outsourced and the social safety net has been dismantled, all in the name of holy free- market economics and Reaganomics.

The debt that young people have to take on for a college degree since the 1980s is robbery and doesn't exist in other advanced countries. Prior to Reagan, the U.S. had affordable college tuition costs; in three generations none of us had to take out loans. And the cost of homes in the last 20 years is prohibitive for most young people and with the recessions and 'gig jobs' lately no wonder many of them are living with parents, delaying marriage, buying a home and starting a family, the case with a nephew.

Much of the way people live, especially in one household has to do with finances and economic need; it's not all about the social and personal aspects of 'family life' with children and grands, or 'selfish single career women and some men,' more. ~ On this topic, I've done a considerable amount of genealogy and family history research and worked at the National Archives. I used U.S. Census records and other historical materials, some dating to the mid- 19th c., centered on the Mid Atlantic region and including newer immigrants from Germany and other European areas. None of the records showed a high number of complex, multiple generation families with 'strays' and servants. That would have stood out.
--------
Note, glad to hear Brooks supports reparations, he should. I'm on the traditional side in some areas, and am actually in favor of cross generation family groups and shared households and work. Children and adults benefit greatly from being close to and growing together with cousins, grands, aunts and uncles. To me the prototypical 1950s 'nuclear family' was a bit exclusionary and cold, at least the way it was often depicted on television.
________________

- NYT, Multigenerational Households: The Benefits, and Peril, By Ann Carrns, Aug. 12, 2016.

Even though the recession officially ended seven years ago, a housing trend seen during the downturn has endured: The number of multigenerational homes continues to grow.

A record 60.6 million people, or 19 percent of the American population, lived with multiple generations under one roof in 2014, according to a new Pew Research Center analysis of federal census data. That compares with 17 percent in 2009, the year the recession ended, and 18 percent three years later, in 2012.

The share of households with multiple adult generations has been growing since hitting a low of 12 percent in 1980. The trend greatly accelerated during the 2007-9 recession, when high unemployment pushed younger people, in particular, back home to live with their parents. The question was whether the trend would ease, as the economic recovery made it more feasible for people to strike out on their own. So far, the shift shows no sign of abating.

“The striking thing is that this really has persisted after the recession,” said D’Vera Cohn, a senior writer and editor at Pew Research Center. “Perhaps this trend is here to stay.”

There are many economic benefits to living with parents or grandparents as an adult, Ms. Cohn said: If you’ve lost a job, moving in with family keeps a roof over your head and helps keep you out of poverty, and those with student debt can pay down loans more easily. “All of those things are still true,” she added.

Another possible reason for the trend, Pew’s report noted, is that the Asian and Hispanic population is growing more rapidly than the white population, and those groups are more likely to live in multigenerational households.

John L. Graham, professor emeritus at the business school at the University of California, Irvine, and co-author of “All in the Family: A Practical Guide to Successful Multigenerational Living,” said he saw the trend as part of a return to interdependence within the extended family. “This is the way people have always lived around the world,” he said. The economic benefits of sharing services can be substantial, Mr. Graham said: Grandparents and older family members can provide child care, while younger adults can care for elderly relatives...

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/12/your-money/multigenerational-households-financial-advice.html

Recursion

(56,582 posts)
15. Real wages are much higher than at any point in the 1950s, and poverty much lower
Thu Apr 23, 2020, 05:20 AM
Apr 2020

Well, at least until this month that was true.

This idea of the 1950s as some golden age is crap.

Aristus

(66,388 posts)
14. My mother's parents hailed from Alabama farm families.
Wed Apr 22, 2020, 02:41 PM
Apr 2020

My grandfather was the second-youngest of fifteen. My grandmother was the youngest of ten.

They had two children, my mother and my uncle.

My parents had three.

My sister has two. My brother has no children, and neither do I.

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