Israel/Palestine
Related: About this forumCatastrophic thinking: Did Ben-Gurion try to rewrite history?
Ben-Gurion appeared to have known the facts well. Even though much material about the Palestinian refugees in Israeli archives is still classified, what has been uncovered provides enough information to establish that in many cases senior commanders of the Israel Defense Forces ordered Palestinians to be expelled and their homes blown up. The Israeli military not only updated Ben-Gurion about these events but also apparently received his prior authorization, in written or oral form, notably in Lod and Ramle, and in several villages in the north. Documents available for perusal on the Israeli side do not provide an unequivocal answer to the question of whether an orderly plan to expel Palestinians existed. In fact, fierce debate on the issue continues to this day. For example, in an interview with Haaretz the historian Benny Morris argued that Ben-Gurion delineated a plan to transfer the Palestinians forcibly out of Israel, though there is no documentation that proves this incontrovertibly.
Even before the war of 1948 ended, Israeli public diplomacy sought to hide the cases in which Palestinians were expelled from their villages. In his study of the early historiography of the 1948 war, Memory in a Book ? Hebrew? , Mordechai Bar-On quotes Aharon Zisling, who would become an MK on behalf of Ahdut Haavoda and was the agriculture minister in Ben-Gurions provisional government in 1948. At the height of the expulsion of the Arabs from Lod and Ramle, Zisling wrote in the left-wing newspaper Al Hamishmar, We did not expel Arabs from the Land of Israel ... After they remained in our area of control, not one Arab was expelled by us. In Davar, the newspaper of the ruling Mapai party, the journalist A. Ophir went one step further, explaining, In vain did we cry out to the Arabs who were streaming across the borders: Stay here with us!
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Ben-Gurions unusual request to the Shiloah Institute was accompanied by rare authorization to examine Israeli archives that were closed to the public. The institutes researchers were allowed to peruse captured documents that had been collected by the Intelligence Corps and, more important material compiled on the subject by the Shin Bet security service, some of which had been transferred from the Haganah after 1948. Gabbay: We were told, We dont know what to do with all this material, with this crate. So I went to Shin Bet headquarters for three or four days and went through all the material. After that they burned it, of course they didnt give it to us.
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Most historians who have researched the subject paint a radically different picture. They present evidence that Ben-Gurion knew in real time about the expulsion of Palestinians and apparently authorized expulsions in a number of cases. In the absence of reliable information from the period, it is difficult to determine with certainty whether Ben-Gurion had actually persuaded himself that the majority of Palestines Arabs had left of their own volition, or did not even believe this himself but wanted history to believe it.
http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/magazine/catastrophic-thinking-did-ben-gurion-try-to-rewrite-history.premium-1.524308
bemildred
(90,061 posts)sabbat hunter
(6,829 posts)There is blame to be spread around about Arabs leaving the Jewish controlled areas of Palestine immediately before and during the war of independence. Some left because they were forced. Some left at the behest of the Arab armies, and others left because they were fleeing a war zone.
The ones that were forced to leave should be monetarily compensated by Israel for their lost lands. The ones that fled at the behest of the Arab armies, should be paid by the various Arab countries that attacked. and for the ones that fled on their own, they should get money in an equal split between Israel and the Arab nations.
Ken Burch
(50,254 posts)AND an admission that they did nothing whatsoever to deserve having their homes destroyed and being forced into exile. Those working to create Israel never needed to force anyone out of their homes.
If any Palestinians were proven to have been driven from their homes by Arab propaganda broadcasts(no recordings or listener station transcripts of which have ever emerged)than they should receive compensation, apologies and acknowledgement from any Arab forces found to have driven them to that decision.
It is crucial to not only provide financial compensation, but to admit that unjust suffering was inflicted and that those who experienced that suffering had a right to feel aggrieved.
You have to acknowledge the wrongs on ALL levels, not just cut people a check and tell them to "suck it up".
Half of this conflict has its based in a refusal to admit that people, on both sides, really DID suffer unjustly. The reality of these people and their pain has to be acknowledged if there is to be any hope at all of ending it.
sabbat hunter
(6,829 posts)and the Jews that were forced out of Arab nations, the Jewish quarter of Jerusalem, etc should also received monetary compensation and apologies.
While there was no widespread broadcast messages (like the Israeli government likes to claim), in localized areas Arabs were told to leave by Arab commanders on the ground.
Benny Morris has said that about 70% of the Arabs that left were due to battle making their homes unsafe or being forced out by Israeli/Jewish forces. That leaves about 30% who left due to being told to do so by Arab commanders on the ground.
Also to be factored in was that many wealthier Arabs left on their own, Arabs that did not want to be in Jewish majority Israel.
(I would put those in the first 70%).
Ken Burch
(50,254 posts)I agreed with that in the last part of my post.
The worst thing was when Ben-Gurion and others of his generation of Israeli politicians argued that the mass movement of Jewish residents in the Arab world and Iran after 1948 somehow balanced off what was done to the Palestinians. It didn't.
Neither mass exodus should have been made to occur. And it's not as though the Palestinians themselves were responsible for what happened to the Mizrahi/Sephardi population of the Arab-Muslim world.
What you had in this situation was TWO groups of people who were made to suffer for no real reason.
delrem
(9,688 posts)A short documentary video
http://972mag.com/watch-my-neighbourhood-the-human-impact-of-settlements-in-sheikh-jarrah/71657/
Some background:
http://972mag.com/sheikh%20jarrah/
"History of the neighborhood
Sheikh Jarrah is a Palestinian neighborhood in East Jerusalem, located on the slopes of Mount Scopus, home to about 3,000 residents.
In the 19th century, a small Jewish community lived there, most of which left by 1948, as East Jerusalem came under Jordanian rule. In 1956, 28 Palestinian families who were made refugees from West Jerusalem in the 1948 war were settled there through an agreement reached between Jordan and UNRWA.
In recent years, several of these families were evicted as a result of Israeli court decisions to recognize pre-1948 ownership claims made by two Jewish bodies, the Sephardic Community Committee and the Knesset Israel Committee, which enabled Jewish settlers to move into their homes immediately.
Although implemented according to Israeli legal and justice systems, the move set a political double standard that justifies Jewish claims to property held before 1948, but does not allow Palestinians to make similar claims to properties they were forced to leave in West Jerusalem."
That kind of inbuilt double standard doesn't bode well for pipe dreams.
Ken Burch
(50,254 posts)Than you have to get Israel to respect and acknowledge the pain Palestinians experienced in 1948 and the years afterwords, as well.
Only when the wounds are healed, or at least healing, can you expect the anger to lessen. And the Palestinians will only make different choices when the anger and the pain are acknowledged.
It's just as wrong to tell somebody in a Palestinian refugee camp, whose village was destroyed for no reason and who can never come home to "get over it" as it was for anyone to say something like that to Otto Frank when he found out his whole family was gone. What Zionism did to Palestinians wasn't the equivalent to the Holocaust, but both experiences left deep scars on those who experienced and survived them, and the victims of both were both largely innocent. Only if the victimhood on both sides is accepted as legitimate can the process of ending the war begin.
delrem
(9,688 posts)Building a society where all are equal is another.
I don't agree with "ah c'mon, get over it" applied to traumatic social events any more than when applied to extremely personal traumas. Nevertheless, mutual understanding among the people of the land can only come under conditions of equality under the law of the land. People can pat each other on the back and talk about getting over trauma only if they're that minimum kind of friends.
I apply this same standard to Palestine.
I totally reject any imputation that the current governments of the Palestinian territories can foretell the shape of a free Palestine. Current governments of Palestine are constrained to be not-free, so however they are constituted has little to do with freedom.