Religion
Related: About this forumMaybe You're Not an Atheist - Maybe You're a Naturalist Like Sean Carroll
Eric Niiler
05.09.16.
3:35 pm
Science and religion have never gotten along very well. But both strive to answer one fundamental question: What does it mean to be human? Are we here thanks to a random sequence of eventsjust an organized blob of mudor destined to follow a path laid down for us by a higher power? There is a middle path, though, that borrows elements from both systems of thoughta way of understanding the world that gives our inner lives and the universe meaning without a theistic belief system.
Standing firmly behind this poetic naturalism is Sean Carroll, the theoretical physicist whos taken readers on a journey through time in From Eternity to Here and the hunt for the Higgs-Boson in The Particle At the End of the Universe. Now hes put together a big sprawling work of philosophy to examine that one big question. Also: whether God exists, and what happens after you die.
In his new book out tomorrow, The Big Picture: On the Origins of Life, Meaning and the Universe Itself, the 49 year-old Caltech professor assembles a framework to help him find answers to these questions. He borrows freely from great thinkers of the past and his current research in cosmology, all the while dropping in anecdotes about his own mortality on an LA Freeway near-miss, or contemplating the meaning of the transport malfunction in Star Treks The Enemy Within. WIRED talked with Carroll about what these ideas mean to him as a scientist, a self-described naturalist, and a human.
In The Big Picture, you talk a lot about poetic naturalism. What is that and how is it different than plain old atheism?
Atheism is a reaction against theism. It is purely a rejection of an idea. Its not a positive substantive idea about how the world is. Naturalism is a counterpart to theism. Theism says theres the physical world and god. Naturalism says theres only the natural world. There are no spirits, no deities, or anything else. Poetic naturalism emphasizes that there are many ways of talking about the natural world. The fact that the underlying laws of physics are deterministic and impersonal does not mean that at the human level we cant talk about ideas about reasons and goals and purposes and free will. So poetic naturalism is one way of reconciling what we are sure about the world at an intuitive level. A world that has children. Reconciling that with all the wonderful counterintuitive things about modern science.
http://www.wired.com/2016/05/maybe-youre-not-atheist-maybe-youre-naturalist-like-sean-carroll/
whatthehey
(3,660 posts)Everything it says about atheism is correct to my understanding, but nothing in even "poetic" naturalism in this article says anything that contradicts or even argues against atheism. I can't say I've come across any individual atheists, let alone any even vaguely authoritative text, inasmuch as atheists have them, where there is any objection to talk about reasons and goals and purposes and free will at the human level, or argues that the laws of physics are anything but impersonal and deterministic, or wouldn't change their mind given good enough evidence.
Maybe the larger book draws that distinction. The article doesn't. As it says atheism is just a rejection of an idea. It says nothing more to theistic belief than "I don't accept your claims". So does a poetic naturalism which accepts no deities.
I have come across people who claim that determinism is absolute given neuroscience taken to its un-guessable completion, but even they accept temporal free will, in that a human agent decides today whether to steal food or pay for it. They just claim that it's a theoretically predictable certainty which decision a person with given characteristics will make, so that's a "humans are the sum of their parts" basic argument. There is a theistic equivalent, as after all an omniscient God must likewise know which choices the soul he creates will make. In fact the theistic version is even more deterministic as God also creates as well as knows, whereas some far-distant perfect neuro-science computer will merely know but not create. Even so I see few either theist or atheist who posit a complete absence of any understanding of free will because of this.
rug
(82,333 posts)whatthehey
(3,660 posts)There is nothing in the description of naturalism that is not 100% compatible with atheism, even strong or explicit atheism let alone the majority.
How does rejecting theism say there is not a natural world? That would be an extreme form of solipsism not atheism.
How does naturalism saying there are no deities or spirits contradict atheism, which says exactly the same thing (again this is even explicit atheism)? It certainly contradicts theism.
So what exactly is one saying which contradicts the other? All he is saying here is what many atheists have long being trying to get DU believers to accept, which is that atheism is not a belief which makes any positive claims at all, merely saying "we don't believe your claims" to theists.
AtheistCrusader
(33,982 posts)It doesn't imply or require humanism, naturalism, determinism, etc.
'We don't believe' is the full extent of what I mean when I say 'I am an atheist.'.
If one wants to know more about my worldview, there are better questions to ask me.
whatthehey
(3,660 posts)But this chap, in this interview at least, is saying absolutely nothing which contradicts atheism at all. As quoted, all he's saying is "I'm an atheist but I want to talk about other stuff I care about". It's just like being a bachelor who likes watching women's basketball. There's no real conflict, incompatibility or even connection between the two statements.
Atheism doesn't require naturalism, although almost every atheist I know agrees with his statements in this interview about the natural world, as do I ( a couple I know believe in ghosts which I assume he rejects as "spirits" . Nothing in atheism however rejects any of the statements he makes here about naturalism, even with the gratuitous "poetic" qualifier. Maybe the book will make any point that justifies the "you may not be an atheist" headline, but the interview does not as it raises not a single point of incompatibility.
AtheistCrusader
(33,982 posts)Strictly speaking, I'm a 'naturalist' but not necessarily in the sense they are classifying it.
For instance I believe the universe is indeterminate AND we have free will. But in the sense that if you were to duplicate it to its last nuance, it would run the 'same' for a while, the real and the duplicate. Until random chance diverged. So in that sense, while I hold the universe to be indeterminate, that is a shade of determinism.
And in the sense that electrical and chemical reactions carry or impulse thought, that would make us NOT 'free will' strictly speaking. Rather the product of those reactions that carry or carry out our thoughts. (Something that can be tampered with, even.) But still, free will in the larger sense.
rug
(82,333 posts)I'm sure he answers all your questions in the book.
AtheistCrusader
(33,982 posts)Don't need a physicist to explain it to me.
rug
(82,333 posts)AtheistCrusader
(33,982 posts)Was it news to you?
rug
(82,333 posts)That's the one most commonly used in here. It also excludes atheism as the default position from birth.
AtheistCrusader
(33,982 posts)Durrr.
rug
(82,333 posts)The converse claim, however, is common.
AtheistCrusader
(33,982 posts)rug
(82,333 posts)AtheistCrusader
(33,982 posts)edhopper
(33,635 posts)But if you don't believe in any Gods, you're an atheist, even if you don't think about Gods or religion.
rug
(82,333 posts)It is indeed a reaction. It can not exist - or make sense - apart from the concept of god(s)
But I agree one can be both.
edhopper
(33,635 posts)rug
(82,333 posts)Jim__
(14,088 posts)I found a little bit from Sean Carroll on the question:
I like to talk about a particular approach to naturalism, which can be thought of as Poetic. By that I mean to emphasize that, while there is only one world, there are many ways of talking about the world. Ways of talking shouldnt be underestimated; they can otherwise be labeled theories or models or vocabularies or stories, and if a particular way of talking turns out to be sufficiently accurate and useful, the elements in its corresponding vocabulary deserve to be called real.
The poet Muriel Rukeyser once wrote, The universe is made of stories, not atoms. That is absolutely correct. There is more to the world than what happens; there are the ways we make sense of it by telling its story. The vocabulary we use is not handed to us from outside; its ultimately a matter of our choice.
A poetic naturalist will deny that notions like right and wrong, purpose and duty, or beauty and ugliness are part of the fundamental architecture of the world. The world is just the world, unfolding according to the patterns of nature, free of any judgmental attributes. But these moral and ethical and aesthetic vocabularies can be perfectly useful ways of talking about the world. The criteria for choosing the best such ways of talking will necessarily be different that the criteria we use for purely descriptive, scientific vocabularies. There wont be a single rational way to delineate good from bad, sublime from repulsive. But we can still speak in such terms, and put in the hard work to make our actions live up to our own internal aspirations. We just have to admit that judgments come from within ourselves.
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He links to some themes related to poetic naturalism; but I can't find any labeled art or culture. It does sound like he has a fairly rich philosophy, but I do think he should directly address art and culture. I haven't gone through all the links or watched all the videos, so it's possible that he has; but, at the least, he doesn't have a separate link concerning these areas.